Novo Nordisk has announced plans to acquire U.S.-based Akero Therapeutics in a deal worth up to $5.2 billion, marking the Danish drugmaker’s first major move under its new CEO Mike Doustdar.

The acquisition gives Novo access to efruxifermin, a late-stage experimental drug that targets metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis (MASH) — a severe liver condition increasingly linked to obesity and diabetes.

The deal represents a significant strategic shift for Novo Nordisk, the maker of the blockbuster weight-loss drug Wegovy, as it seeks to strengthen its hold in the fast-growing cardiometabolic therapy space.

Doustdar, who took over as CEO in July, is pursuing a more focused growth path — concentrating on next-generation obesity, diabetes, and cardiometabolic treatments rather than diversifying into unrelated therapeutic areas. The acquisition of Akero is the clearest indication yet of that strategy.

In a statement, Doustdar described efruxifermin as “an important building block for Novo’s next phase of growth”, noting that the company aims to expand its portfolio in areas adjacent to obesity and diabetes, where metabolic dysfunction plays a key role.

His leadership began amid pressure to maintain Novo’s dominance after rival Eli Lilly surged ahead in the obesity drug market with its competing Zepbound therapy. Just weeks ago, Novo announced plans to cut 9,000 jobs globally as part of a restructuring meant to refocus spending on high-impact drug development and acquisitions like Akero.

Efruxifermin (EFX) is one of the most promising MASH therapies in late-stage development, having shown potential to reverse liver scarring — a key indicator of disease severity — in earlier studies. MASH, a progressive form of fatty liver disease, affects an estimated 5% of adults in the U.S., and the market for effective therapies is considered one of the next major frontiers in metabolic medicine.

Earlier this year, Novo’s flagship Wegovy became the first GLP-1-based treatment to receive accelerated approval for MASH in the U.S., giving the company a first-mover advantage. The addition of EFX, which works through a different biological pathway, could strengthen Novo’s dominance in this space and allow for combination therapies targeting multiple aspects of metabolic dysfunction.

Novo had previously discontinued its own MASH candidate zalfermin, which was in the same treatment class as efruxifermin, signaling that the company would rather acquire a proven late-stage drug than continue internal development with uncertain prospects.

A Bigger Appetite for Deals

The Akero acquisition also marks a notable expansion in deal size for Novo Nordisk. Its previous acquisitions in metabolic diseases typically ranged between $1 billion and $2 billion, but the $5.2 billion structure — including $4.7 billion upfront and up to $500 million in milestone payments — underscores a renewed appetite for bolder transactions.

The agreement offers Akero shareholders $54 per share in cash, a 16.2% premium over its last closing price, with an additional $6 per share contingent on full U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approval of efruxifermin by June 2031.

Akero’s shares surged more than 16% after the announcement, while Novo’s stock dipped about 1%, reflecting investor caution about the short-term financial impact.

Portfolio manager Lukas Leu of ATG Healthcare, a Novo shareholder, said the deal was “encouraging” and a sign that Doustdar is intent on rebuilding confidence after a turbulent year.

“They need to start acquiring assets and expanding their pipeline. This is a step in the right direction, though I remain cautious given the stock is still in the doghouse,” he said.

Novo’s move comes as it prepares for a loss of exclusivity on semaglutide, the active ingredient in Wegovy and Ozempic, in several markets, including India and China, starting next year. The acquisition of Akero offers a pathway to diversify earnings and hedge against that risk.

The company plans to finance the deal through debt and expects it to close by the end of 2025, pending regulatory approval.

Analysts at BMO Capital Markets described the acquisition as part of a broader effort by Doustdar to “bring the ship back on course.” They said the combination of strategic restructuring and a focus on high-growth disease areas could set the stage for long-term recovery.

Meanwhile, competitors such as Roche and GSK have been moving into similar territory, betting on MASH and related metabolic conditions as the next lucrative frontier after diabetes and obesity drugs.

Despite investor anxiety, Novo’s shares have risen 11% since Doustdar’s appointment, suggesting that the market is beginning to respond to his decisive strategy — one that is not only defensive but also growth-oriented in the post-Wegovy era.

The Motion Picture Association (MPA) has demanded that OpenAI take “immediate and decisive action” to curb what it calls widespread copyright infringement on its new video creation platform, Sora 2, as pressure mounts on the broader AI industry over unauthorized use of copyrighted works.

The call from the powerful Hollywood lobby group follows an explosion of AI-generated videos circulating online since the release of Sora 2 last week. Users have created short films featuring recognizable characters and scenes lifted from popular franchises, including a viral clip of James Bond playing poker with OpenAI CEO Sam Altman and another showing Nintendo’s Mario character in a police chase rendered in realistic, body cam-style footage.

“Since Sora 2’s release, videos that infringe our members’ films, shows, and characters have proliferated on OpenAI’s service and across social media,” MPA CEO Charles Rivkin said in a statement on Monday.

He emphasized that OpenAI must take full responsibility for copyright protection rather than shifting the burden to creators.

“OpenAI must acknowledge it remains their responsibility – not rightsholders’ – to prevent infringement on the Sora 2 service. Well-established copyright law safeguards the rights of creators and applies here,” Rivkin said.

OpenAI has yet to formally comment on the MPA’s statement, but in a blog post responding to concerns, Altman pledged that the company would soon give rightsholders “more granular control” over how their characters are used. He said OpenAI would transition from its previous opt-out system, which required studios to ask for exclusion from Sora’s dataset, to an opt-in model, meaning copyrighted works could not be used without explicit authorization.

However, Altman admitted that enforcement would take time, noting that “there may be some edge cases of generations that get through that shouldn’t, and getting our stack to work well will take some iteration.”

The confrontation with the MPA is part of a growing wave of legal and ethical scrutiny facing AI companies over how their models are trained and used. Over the past year, several of the world’s largest AI developers — including OpenAI, Google, Anthropic, and Stability AI — have been sued by authors, artists, and media companies who allege that their works were used without consent to train generative models capable of recreating similar styles, characters, or narratives.

Earlier this year, The New York Times filed a landmark lawsuit against OpenAI and Microsoft, accusing them of using millions of its copyrighted articles to train the GPT models that power ChatGPT and Copilot, without payment or permission. Meanwhile, visual artists and photographers have filed separate class-action suits against Stability AI’s Stable Diffusion and Midjourney, alleging that the companies scraped billions of images from the internet in violation of copyright protections.

In June, Disney and Universal sued Midjourney, claiming it used and distributed AI-generated characters from their films despite repeated warnings. Disney followed up in September with a cease-and-desist letter to Character.AI, demanding the company stop using its characters to generate dialogue and digital scenes.

Legal experts say the MPA’s intervention against OpenAI could mark a major inflection point in how copyright laws are applied to AI-generated content. Hollywood studios have long relied on licensing and royalties to protect their intellectual property — a system now being tested by the ability of AI to mimic cinematic production at scale.

The MPA’s statement also underscores broader fears in the entertainment industry that generative AI could erode the value of creative labor. Many film studios, artists, and writers argue that AI companies should be required to obtain licenses before training on creative material. Industry unions, including the Writers Guild of America (WGA) and Screen Actors Guild (SAG-AFTRA), have similarly demanded legal safeguards to prevent AI from replacing human creativity in film and television production.

Sora 2 represents one of OpenAI’s most ambitious product launches, promising the ability to generate lifelike, cinematic-quality videos from text prompts. But as the MPA’s letter makes clear, the technology’s rollout has also placed the company squarely in the middle of one of the most consequential legal battles in the history of digital media.