The U.S. Department of Energy on Wednesday said it intends to cancel more than $13 billion in funds that had been pledged under the Biden administration to support wind, solar, battery development, and electric vehicles.

The announcement, made by Energy Secretary Chris Wright at a press conference in New York, underscores the Trump administration’s sharp pivot away from renewable subsidies in favor of maximizing oil and gas output, which has already reached record levels since Trump’s return to office in January.

“By returning these funds to the American taxpayer, the Trump administration is affirming its commitment to advancing more affordable, reliable, and secure American energy and being more responsible stewards of taxpayer dollars,” the department said in a statement.

The decision comes just a day after President Donald Trump told world leaders at the United Nations General Assembly that climate change was “the greatest con job” in history, a declaration that doubled down on his long-standing skepticism of international environmental initiatives and multilateral agreements.

California Governor Gavin Newsom swiftly condemned the move, warning that the U.S. was ceding ground to global competitors. “(Chinese) President Xi, I don’t know what else he’s got to applaud. … I think he’s going to give (President Donald) Trump a bear hug when he arrives,” Newsom said during an appearance at a New York Times climate event.

He stressed that California, which has some of the most ambitious clean energy and emissions targets in the world, could see its progress undermined by Washington’s retreat.

The Department of Energy has not disclosed which specific programs will lose funding, raising uncertainty among states and private companies that had already begun planning projects under Biden-era commitments.

The cancellation lands at a time when the renewable sector has been outpacing other parts of the U.S. economy. Jobs in wind, solar, and other clean technologies grew three times faster than the overall U.S. workforce in 2024, according to a study by advocacy group E2. Analysts warn that Trump’s reversal could stall or even reverse that growth, with ripple effects across supply chains and investment flows.

Wright defended the administration’s stance, arguing that climate change has been “wildly exaggerated” into the world’s greatest threat, spurring “massive amounts of spending with very little positive impact.” He added that he has no plans to attend the UN climate talks in Brazil later this year, though he said he remains open to “conversations with people who see things differently.”

However, the political optics extend beyond domestic debate. With Trump expected to meet Chinese President Xi Jinping in the coming weeks, analysts say the funding reversal hands Beijing an opportunity to cement its global dominance in clean energy technologies, from solar panels to batteries—sectors where Chinese firms already control a commanding share of production.

China and the European Union are moving in the opposite direction of the U.S. — scaling up clean-energy capacity and investment at a pace. The International Energy Agency and Reuters reporting show China investing very large sums in renewables (hundreds of billions annually) and accelerating wind and solar rollouts, while the EU is set to add record renewable capacity this year, driven by policy support and grid upgrades.

Those programs are underpinning manufacturing and supply chains that global companies now rely on. The U.S. rollback, therefore, risks leaving American firms and workers behind in factories and markets where scale and manufacturing leadership matter.

For many industry leaders, the shift raises questions not just about jobs and investment, but about the future of U.S. competitiveness in a global energy transition that is accelerating even as Washington retreats.

Industry leaders say cancelling funds will depress private investment plans that had banked on federal support. At a basic level, capital allocators respond to policy clarity and scale — long-term, predictable incentives that reduce technology risk.

China’s enormous state-guided build-out and the EU’s coordinated market signals are already pulling supply chains, factory capacity, and R&D spending toward those regions. That creates a self-reinforcing advantage: as China and Europe scale up, their firms lower costs and gain market share, making it harder for U.S. suppliers to compete later.

Global clean-technology markets are entering a scale-up phase where first-mover industrial advantage matters. Capacity additions in China and the EU are already reshaping price curves for panels, wind turbines, and battery cells. The U.S. decision to rescind pledged funds, therefore, comes at a moment when predictable public backing is often the tipping point for major factory builds.

A federal judge in California on Thursday granted preliminary approval to a landmark class-action settlement brought by a group of authors against Anthropic over the company’s use of their works to train generative AI systems.

U.S. District Judge William Alsup described the proposed deal as fair during Thursday’s hearing; he had earlier paused the settlement and asked the parties to answer additional questions before moving forward.

The approved deal — reported by multiple outlets as roughly $1.4 billion — is the first major settlement among a string of high-profile suits targeting AI developers for using copyrighted material without authorization. Plaintiffs in related cases have sued other major AI players, including OpenAI, Microsoft, and Meta, and the Anthropic settlement will be watched closely as a potential template for resolving claims brought by authors, publishers, and other rights holders.

Judge Alsup initially declined to approve the settlement at an earlier hearing and asked the parties to address concerns about notice, fairness, and the mechanics of how class members would be identified and paid. After those issues were addressed, he said the revised deal met the standards for preliminary approval and signaled the case will move to the next phase — class notice and a future fairness hearing.

The background story: how we got here

Since generative AI systems broke into public view, authors, news organizations, recording labels, and other rightsholders have filed dozens of legal actions alleging that companies trained large language models and other generative systems on copyrighted text, images, or music without licenses.

Courts across multiple jurisdictions have been grappling with novel questions about whether this use is covered by fair use or constitutes infringement, and how liability should attach when large datasets are scraped at scale. Several prominent suits — including consolidated cases against OpenAI and Microsoft and publisher and author actions — remain active.

A resonance with older copyright battles

The current disputes echo prior technology-era copyright fights. Two useful precedents illustrate the range of outcomes courts have produced in the past: the litigation over peer-to-peer music sharing (e.g., Napster) produced decisive liability rulings against intermediaries that facilitated unauthorized copying, while the Google Books litigation ultimately found broad fair-use protection for Google’s scanning and indexing program (a decision the courts affirmed).

Those earlier fights shaped industry responses — enforcement, negotiation, and, in some cases, collective licensing mechanisms — and they provide legal and commercial patterns that could recur in the AI era.

Why authors sued Anthropic specifically

At the core of the Anthropic claims was the allegation that the company used copyrighted books and other works as training data without consent. Plaintiffs argued not only that their works were used without payment, but in some filings, they also alleged problematic sourcing methods for certain datasets. Courts have therefore been asked not only whether training is lawful, but whether data acquisition practices cross additional lines (for example, by using pirate or mirror sites). Those factual allegations were a key component of the pressure that produced settlement negotiations.

Why this settlement matters — practical and legal implications

The size and scope of the Anthropic settlement give publishers, authors, labels, and other creators a real commercial remedy short of protracted litigation. For rights holders, settlements can deliver cash, notification, and (often) changes to industry practice. For AI companies, a settlement offers predictability and avoids uncertain, expensive trials that could impose larger damages or injunctions. The Anthropic deal, therefore, creates a strong incentive for other defendants and plaintiffs to consider negotiated resolutions.

The ruling is expected to spur changes to data-acquisition and curation practices. Hence, companies are likely going to tighten how they source training material, documenting provenance more rigorously and shifting toward licensed datasets and contractual relationships with publishers, aggregators, or dedicated data-providers. Some firms may buy large-scale licenses; others may build curated public-domain corpora or rely on opt-in models. These shifts raise the cost of model development and could slow some research that depended on wide-open scraping.

Additionally, the settlement strengthens incentives for collective or industry arrangements (analogous to music industry licensing bodies) that supply cleared training data to model builders under standard terms. Such a marketplace could reduce transactional friction and provide revenue streams to creators, but it will require negotiation over rates, usage rights, and notice/attribution rules. The Google Books precedent shows how complex and drawn-out such arrangements can be.

A large, public settlement will intensify calls in legislatures and regulatory bodies to update copyright and AI laws — from clearer safe-harbors for model training to mandatory transparency and dataset-reporting rules. Policymakers now face pressure from both creators seeking protection and tech companies seeking clarity and scale. Expect proposals for mandatory dataset registries, stronger takedown or opt-out mechanisms for trained works, and perhaps new compensation formats for text and media used in training.

Other plaintiffs may be more likely to press for settlement leverage; defendants who believe they have stronger legal defenses may fight on to try to set favorable precedents. The Anthropic deal does not resolve open questions about fair use for training models; courts will still confront those statutory issues in other cases and appeals. Nor does a settlement erase fact-specific disputes — for example, whether scraping from a pirate archive is materially different from using legitimately licensed content.

With preliminary approval, the settlement process normally moves into a notification phase. Class members (authors and possibly their estates/publishers, depending on the settlement’s class definition) should receive notices explaining eligibility, how to file claims, and the timetable for objecting or opting out. Courts often require robust outreach measures in mass-class settlements to ensure lesser-known creators are informed; Judge Alsup had previously flagged that concern, which the parties revised in response.

Overall, Anthropic’s settlement signals that at least some AI firms will choose to pay and negotiate rather than litigate through landmark trials with unpredictable outcomes. At the same time, because many suits remain pending against other large providers, the industry could see a mix of settlements and precedent-setting rulings emerging concurrently — a legal and commercial landscape that will evolve over the next 18–36 months.

Even so, the settlement does not settle the underlying legal doctrines about fair use and training; those questions will continue to work their way through courts and legislatures while the market reorganizes around clearer licensing channels and transparency norms.

Nigeria’s naira could strengthen significantly against the U.S. dollar by the end of 2025, according to BUA Group Chairman Abdul Samad Rabiu, who expressed rare optimism about the economy after a closed-door meeting with President Bola Ahmed Tinubu at the Aso Villa on Wednesday.

“The exchange rate has continued to improve. Naira is trading below N1,500 today, and I’m confident it will strengthen even further. I expect that the rate should come down to maybe N1,300 to N1,400 before the end of the year. This is something we should all celebrate,” Rabiu said.

The billionaire industrialist tied his forecast to ongoing fiscal reforms, improved market confidence, and reduced reliance on Central Bank of Nigeria (CBN) interventions, arguing that businesses now access foreign exchange more freely through global banking channels, including ATMs and credit cards abroad.

Rabiu also pointed to a softening of food prices as evidence that reforms are trickling down to households. Earlier this year, BUA said it slashed the price of a 50kg bag of rice from over N100,000 to N50,000, triggering what he described as a broader trend of price corrections.

“Products such as flour, pasta, macaroni, semolina, and others that we produce have seen significant price reductions from what they were last year,” he noted.

He credited the Tinubu administration’s duty waivers on key food imports for helping stabilize costs and domestic supply chains, saying, “We must acknowledge and appreciate His Excellency for these waivers. They have contributed greatly in making this possible.”

The BUA chairman stressed that the reforms are beginning to instill confidence among businesses, framing them as “bold” and “decisive” steps, laying the foundation for long-term growth.

“There are bold reforms and decisive policies creating the foundation for a stronger economy, a more stable currency, and a better future for businesses and Nigerians alike,” Rabiu said.

Global Institutions More Cautious

Rabiu’s upbeat projection stands in contrast to more guarded assessments from rating agencies and global lenders. The International Monetary Fund (IMF) has repeatedly warned that Nigeria’s foreign exchange market remains fragile, stressing that currency stability cannot be sustained without higher non-oil revenues, improved fiscal discipline, and stronger reserves. The World Bank has similarly flagged risks tied to low oil production, heavy debt servicing, and ongoing structural bottlenecks, cautioning that reforms, though positive, are not yet sufficient to anchor lasting stability in the naira.

Credit rating agencies have echoed this concern. Moody’s and Fitch both noted earlier this year that while recent measures by the Tinubu administration—including subsidy removals and exchange rate liberalization—have improved transparency, Nigeria’s external vulnerabilities remain high. Fitch said the naira’s recent rally is “vulnerable to reversal” if foreign inflows do not rise substantially.

Analysts Link Gains to Global Trends

Some economists argue that the naira’s recent appreciation is tied less to local reforms and more to global monetary conditions and U.S. fiscal uncertainty.

“Recent disinflationary trends, and more importantly, the easing in the U.S. market, have afforded some room for the CBN to ease off the brakes. As rates decline in the U.S., the risk premium generally becomes lower,” said financial analyst Abdulrauf Bello.

“Additionally, the USD is under pressure due to the current state of the U.S. fiscal deficit and ongoing trade disputes between the U.S. and its trading partners,” Bello added, referencing trade tensions that have escalated under President Donald Trump’s tariff policies.

Against this backdrop, there is concern that if the dollar regains strength, the naira’s fragile recovery could quickly reverse. The Trump administration is already facing legal challenges over the legality of its tariff regime, a development that has injected volatility into global markets. A ruling against the U.S. government could trigger unpredictable shifts in trade flows and currency values.

Currency Still Under Pressure

Despite Rabiu’s optimism, data from the CBN shows the naira remains under pressure. On Thursday, it closed at N1,493.99/$1 in the official market. In the parallel market, it slipped further to about N1,521.5/$1, widening the gap with the official rate.

The projection of a recovery to N1,300–N1,400 per dollar by year’s end, therefore, represents a bold bet on both domestic reforms and global tailwinds aligning—a scenario that, while possible, remains uncertain.