In a bid to foster regional reconciliation and comply with directives from the Economic Community of West African States (ECOWAS), President Bola Tinubu has announced the reopening of Nigeria’s land and air borders with the Republic of Niger.
This decision, which includes the lifting of various sanctions against Niger and the Republic of Guinea, comes following resolutions made during an extraordinary summit held on February 24, 2024, in Abuja by the ECOWAS Authority of Heads of State and Government.
The directive, articulated in a statement by Ajuri Ngelale, Special Adviser to the President, mandates the immediate lifting of sanctions imposed on the Republic of Niger, which encompass:
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Reopening of Land and Air Borders: The previously enforced closure of land and air borders between Nigeria and Niger Republic will be lifted, facilitating the resumption of cross-border travel and trade.
No-fly Zone Lifted: The ECOWAS no-fly zone on all commercial flights to and from Niger Republic will also be lifted, allowing for the restoration of regular air travel operations.
Resumption of Financial Transactions: Suspension of all commercial and financial transactions between Nigeria and Niger, including freezes on service transactions such as utility services and electricity, will be removed.
Unfreezing of Assets: Assets of the Republic of Niger held in ECOWAS Central Banks and commercial banks, as well as those of state enterprises and parastatals, will be unfrozen.
Revocation of Financial Assistance Suspension: Suspension of Niger from all financial assistance and transactions with financial institutions, particularly EBID and BOAD, will be revoked.
Lifting of Travel Bans: Travel bans on government officials and their family members will be lifted, allowing for the restoration of diplomatic relations between the two nations.
Furthermore, President Tinubu has given his approval for the lifting of financial and economic sanctions against the Republic of Guinea, demonstrating Nigeria’s commitment to regional peace and cooperation.
These decisions come amidst heightened regional tensions and political upheaval following the withdrawal of military-led governments in Niger, Mali, and Burkina Faso from ECOWAS. Citing perceived failures of ECOWAS to support their efforts in combating terrorism and insecurity, these nations have opted to form their own alliance, defying pressure from the regional bloc and external powers.
ECOWAS had previously suspended the three countries following military coups, utilizing sanctions and diplomatic measures to advocate for a return to constitutional rule. Despite these efforts, the military leaders remained steadfast in their defiance, accusing ECOWAS of being goaded by external influence and interference.
The withdrawal of Niger, Mali, and Burkina Faso from ECOWAS represents a significant setback for regional integration and collective security efforts, impacting diplomatic relations, economic integration, security cooperation, and the geopolitical landscape of West Africa.
While Nigeria’s lifting of sanctions may signal a willingness to engage in dialogue and reconciliation, the potential response from the military leaders remains uncertain. They have already severed ties with former colonial powers and sought support from alternative allies like Russia, indicating a shift in regional alliances and dynamics.