Shares of BlackRock fell sharply on Friday after the asset management giant restricted withdrawals from one of its flagship private credit funds, a move that is intensifying scrutiny of the rapidly expanding $2 trillion private lending industry as investor redemption requests surge.

The world’s largest asset manager saw its stock slide 6.7% on the New York Stock Exchange during a broader market selloff triggered by weaker-than-expected U.S. jobs data and rising geopolitical tensions linked to the expanding U.S.–Israeli war against Iran. The development has added fresh pressure to alternative asset managers that have increasingly relied on wealthy individual investors to fuel growth in private credit funds.

At the center of the issue is the $26 billion HPS Corporate Lending Fund (HLEND), a business development company created to provide affluent investors access to private lending markets traditionally dominated by institutional investors.

The fund received redemption requests totaling about $1.2 billion during the first quarter, equivalent to roughly 9.3% of its net asset value. BlackRock said it would distribute about $620 million — the maximum allowed under its 5% quarterly redemption cap — leaving a portion of investor withdrawal requests unmet.

The redemption cap was triggered for the first time since the fund’s inception, underscoring the growing stress across private credit markets as investors reassess risk amid volatile financial conditions.

Greggory Warren, senior stock analyst at Morningstar, said the development should be seen as a warning for both regulators and investors.

“It should serve as a warning sign for the industry and the rulemakers about the downside of illiquid funds for retail investors,” Warren said.

Liquidity risks come into focus

Private credit has become one of the fastest-growing segments of global finance, expanding rapidly after banks scaled back riskier corporate lending following stricter regulations introduced after the 2008 financial crisis.

Asset managers stepped in to fill the gap by lending directly to mid-sized companies. These loans often offer higher interest rates and attractive yields for investors compared with traditional bonds.

But the structure also contains a built-in tension: while investors may request withdrawals periodically, the underlying loans often take years to mature and cannot easily be sold in secondary markets.

HLEND acknowledged the structural challenge in its investor communication, saying the redemption cap exists to prevent “a structural mismatch between investor capital and the expected duration of the private credit loans in which HLEND invests.”

If managers were forced to meet large redemption requests without restrictions, they might need to sell loans at steep discounts, potentially damaging returns for remaining investors.

Wider industry tremors

BlackRock’s move comes amid mounting stress across the broader private credit ecosystem.

Earlier this week, rival asset manager Blackstone raised the usual 5% redemption limit on an $82 billion private credit fund to 7% after a spike in withdrawal requests. The firm and its employees also injected $400 million into the vehicle to ensure all redemption requests could be honored.

Another alternative investment giant, Blue Owl Capital, repurchased 15.4% of one of its funds earlier this year in order to stabilize investor flows.

These steps signal growing sensitivity among investors who poured record amounts of money into private credit funds during the past decade, attracted by yields that often outperformed public markets.

Analysts say the combination of higher interest rates, economic uncertainty, and rising borrower stress is forcing investors to reassess the risk profile of the sector.

Borrower stress raises red flags

Recent corporate failures have also cast a spotlight on underwriting standards within the private lending industry.

Bankruptcies involving a U.S. auto parts supplier and a subprime auto lender last year raised concerns about the credit quality of borrowers. Those concerns intensified after the collapse of a British mortgage lender earlier this month.

If defaults increase significantly, analysts warn that the consequences could ripple through private credit portfolios.

“The biggest risk for the alternative asset managers is that a marked increase in loan defaults on the part of their borrowers has an adverse effect on investment performance,” Warren said.

That, he added, could ultimately affect the industry’s ability to attract new capital and raise fresh funds.

Another factor weighing on investor sentiment is HLEND’s exposure to the technology sector.

According to fund disclosures, roughly 19% of the portfolio is tied to software companies. Technology stocks have faced renewed pressure as investors debate the disruptive impact of artificial intelligence and the potential for AI-native startups to reshape traditional software markets.

If valuations in the sector continue to adjust downward, borrowers dependent on growth projections from the technology boom could face tighter financial conditions.

For private lenders, that creates the possibility of higher default rates or loan restructurings.

Retail investors test the model

The situation also highlights the evolving investor base in private markets.

Historically, private credit was financed largely by institutional investors such as pension funds and insurance companies with long investment horizons. In recent years, however, asset managers have aggressively expanded access to wealthy individuals through structures like business development companies.

Funds such as HLEND typically offer limited liquidity — quarterly redemption windows rather than daily withdrawals — but the growing participation of retail investors means redemption cycles can become more volatile during periods of market stress.

In the first quarter alone, subscriptions to HLEND totaled $840 million, far below the $1.2 billion investors sought to withdraw. The imbalance between inflows and outflows suggests sentiment among investors is shifting.

Volatility pushes investors toward safety

The redemption wave is unfolding against a backdrop of heightened global uncertainty.

Markets have been rattled by escalating geopolitical tensions in the Middle East, persistent inflation pressures, and concerns about the long-term economic consequences of artificial intelligence-driven disruption.

In that environment, many investors have begun reallocating capital toward safer and more liquid assets, including government bonds and money market funds.

For large asset managers like BlackRock, the situation represents a test of how resilient the private credit model will be during periods of financial stress.

Over the past decade, private credit has grown into a cornerstone of the alternative investment industry, offering asset managers a lucrative source of fees and investors a way to access higher-yielding debt.

However, the pressure on HLEND illustrates how quickly liquidity tensions can emerge when investor sentiment shifts.

While institutional investors continue to allocate to private credit, analysts say the recent redemption wave suggests that the retailization of the sector — bringing wealthy individuals into traditionally illiquid markets — could become one of its biggest vulnerabilities during periods of volatility.

If economic conditions weaken or borrower defaults accelerate, the industry may face its most significant stress test since its explosive growth began after the global financial crisis.

The administration of Donald Trump on Friday unveiled a $20 billion reinsurance program designed to restart oil tanker traffic through the Strait of Hormuz, as escalating hostilities between Israel and Iran threaten to choke off one of the world’s most critical energy corridors.

The initiative comes amid a dramatic surge in oil prices and mounting concerns that the widening conflict in the Middle East could spiral into a full-scale supply shock for global energy markets.

U.S. crude futures jumped more than 12% on Friday, pushing prices above $90 per barrel, after tanker traffic through the Persian Gulf slowed sharply and some Gulf producers began cutting output because they could not ship crude through the narrow waterway.

Under the plan, the U.S. International Development Finance Corporation will provide insurance coverage for maritime losses of up to $20 billion on a rolling basis. The program is being implemented in coordination with the U.S. Department of the Treasury and United States Central Command, pinpointing the strategic nature of the crisis and the U.S. government’s effort to stabilize energy supply routes.

“We are confident that our reinsurance plan will get oil, gasoline, LNG, jet fuel, and fertilizer through the Strait of Hormuz and flowing again to the world,” said DFC Chief Executive Ben Black.

The Strait of Hormuz — which connects the Persian Gulf to the Gulf of Oman — handles roughly 20% of global oil consumption and about a fifth of the world’s liquefied natural gas shipments. The waterway is only about 21 miles wide at its narrowest point, making it uniquely vulnerable to military disruption, naval blockades, or missile and drone attacks.

Even temporary interruptions can ripple through energy markets. Analysts note that during previous geopolitical crises involving the strait, oil prices have spiked rapidly because the route serves as the primary export channel for several of the world’s largest producers, including Saudi Arabia, the United Arab Emirates, Kuwait, and Iraq.

The Trump administration had already signaled earlier in the week that it was prepared to intervene to keep the shipping lane open. Trump said commercial vessels transiting the Gulf could receive government-backed insurance and potentially escort protection from the United States Navy if conditions deteriorate further.

The measures follow several attacks on commercial tankers since U.S. and Israeli forces launched a large wave of airstrikes against Iranian targets last weekend. Shipping firms responded by halting voyages through the strait, creating a bottleneck that has effectively frozen a significant portion of Gulf oil exports.

Industry analysts say the market reaction highlights the fragility of global energy supply chains, particularly at a time when geopolitical tensions across multiple regions are already weighing on trade routes.

Matt Wright, senior freight analyst at the energy analytics firm Kpler, said insurance coverage alone is unlikely to resolve the immediate standoff.

“Tanker owners are worried about their physical security,” Wright said, noting that the lack of vessel movement reflects concerns that ships could become targets in an expanding regional conflict.

“There needs to be some confidence that Iran’s ability to continue to wage war has diminished,” he added.

The disruption has already begun affecting oil producers across the Gulf. With exports constrained, some countries have reportedly started reducing output as storage tanks approach capacity and tankers remain stranded outside the strait awaiting safer passage.

For energy markets, the situation is reviving fears of a supply shock similar to earlier Middle East crises that drove sharp increases in crude prices and triggered inflationary pressure across major economies.

Higher oil prices feed directly into transportation, manufacturing, and food costs, raising concerns among policymakers that the conflict could complicate the fight against inflation just as many central banks were preparing to ease interest rates.

The spike in energy prices is already beginning to reshape financial market expectations. Investors are reassessing the outlook for monetary policy, as sustained oil price increases could delay planned rate cuts by central banks such as the Federal Reserve and the European Central Bank.

At the same time, the crisis is forcing governments and energy companies to revisit contingency plans for supply disruptions. Some producers may attempt to reroute shipments through alternative pipelines or storage hubs, though such options are limited and cannot fully replace the capacity of the Strait of Hormuz.

However, the $20 billion reinsurance program is seen as an attempt by Washington to restore confidence in maritime trade long enough to prevent a deeper shock to the global energy system. U.S. officials hope tanker operators will gradually resume voyages through the strait by guaranteeing shipping losses and potentially deploying naval escorts.

It is not certain, though, if those assurances are sufficient. With the war expanding across multiple fronts and attacks on commercial shipping continuing, many energy traders and shipping firms say the risks in the Gulf remain elevated — leaving the global oil market on edge.