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Moderna’s Historic 177% Surge Signals a New Era for mRNA Cancer Treatment

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Moderna delivered one of the most dramatic stock-market rallies in recent biotechnology history after shares surged approximately 177% in a single trading session, following positive late-stage clinical trial results for its personalized mRNA cancer treatment.

The move represented a remarkable reversal for a company that has struggled to maintain the growth generated by its COVID-19 vaccine business. The catalyst was the successful Phase 3 INTerpath-001 trial, conducted by Moderna in partnership with Merck.

The companies said their personalized cancer treatment, intismeran autogene, achieved its primary endpoint when combined with Merck’s Keytruda immunotherapy in patients with melanoma. The treatment was designed for patients whose tumors had been surgically removed but who remained at significant risk of the cancer returning or spreading.

Unlike traditional vaccines that are designed to prevent infectious diseases, the therapy represents a different application of mRNA technology. Scientists analyze mutations in an individual patient’s tumor to identify neoantigens—unique markers that can help the immune system recognize cancer cells.

The resulting personalized mRNA treatment is intended to train the immune system to target those specific cancer characteristics.

The Phase 3 success is particularly important because it represents a major validation of personalized mRNA cancer therapy at a late stage of clinical development.

The companies reported improvements in recurrence-free survival and distant metastasis-free survival compared with Keytruda alone, while reporting no new safety signals. Detailed clinical data have not yet been publicly released, meaning investors and medical professionals are still waiting for a complete assessment of the results.

Financial markets reacted with extraordinary enthusiasm. Moderna shares closed at $174.38 after rising 176.97%, marking the company’s largest single-day gain. Merck also benefited, with its shares rising roughly 12.6%. The announcement further lifted other biotechnology and mRNA companies as investors reassessed the commercial potential of personalized cancer treatments.

The rally also exposed the enormous amount of speculation surrounding Moderna’s future. The company has been searching for a sustainable business beyond COVID-19 vaccines as pandemic-related demand has declined sharply.

A successful cancer franchise could therefore transform Moderna’s long-term financial outlook and establish mRNA technology as a broader pharmaceutical platform rather than a tool primarily associated with infectious diseases.

Yet the market’s reaction may have moved faster than the science. A 177% one-day increase dramatically raises expectations, while analysts have warned that the initial melanoma opportunity alone may not justify the company’s newly expanded valuation.

The full Phase 3 dataset, regulatory review and eventual commercial rollout will be critical tests. Moderna also faces the challenge of proving that personalized mRNA therapy can work across cancers beyond melanoma.

The immediate market reaction also created substantial pressure on short sellers, who had positioned for continued weakness in Moderna. Reports estimated billions of dollars in losses for bearish traders following the sudden repricing.

The stock subsequently experienced significant volatility, illustrating how quickly biotechnology valuations can change when clinical data alter expectations. Moderna’s extraordinary rally is about more than one company’s share price.

It reflects growing confidence that mRNA technology could become an important foundation for personalized medicine. If the cancer treatment receives regulatory approval and demonstrates durable benefits in real-world patients, Moderna could emerge from its post-COVID struggles with an entirely new growth story.

For investors, however, the breakthrough remains a promise rather than a finished commercial success—and the next phase will be proving that the science can translate into lasting medical and financial value.

OpenAI Brings ChatGPT Into Apple Messages, Enabling AI To Search, Edit And Send Texts

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OpenAI has launched an Apple iMessages plug-in for ChatGPT that allows users to connect their Messages inbox to the chatbot, giving the AI system access to conversations for tasks ranging from searching message histories to drafting and sending texts.

The feature expands ChatGPT’s role from a standalone chatbot into an assistant capable of interacting with users’ personal communications. OpenAI said the plug-in can sort, analyse, and edit messages, while users can also ask ChatGPT to find information contained in older conversations.

The integration works with Codex and ChatGPT Work, meaning the functionality can also be used in professional settings rather than being limited to personal messaging.

A promotional video for the feature shows a user asking ChatGPT to suggest follow-up messages to contacts based on conversations received the previous day. The tool can also be instructed to delete messages, draft responses, and send messages on a user’s behalf.

That level of access makes the integration one of the more consequential extensions of AI assistants into everyday digital activity. Instead of simply generating text in response to a prompt, ChatGPT can use a user’s existing conversations as context and take actions inside the messaging environment.

The development also raises questions about how much personal data an AI assistant needs to access to perform those tasks and how that information is processed.

OpenAI told Bloomberg that the plug-in operates locally on the user’s machine and “doesn’t create an index of all someone’s messages.” The company has not publicly provided all of the technical details needed to explain how message data is accessed, processed, and retained under the integration.

The ability to send messages introduces another layer of risk because an AI system is not only interpreting private conversations but can potentially act on a user’s behalf.

OpenAI advises users to monitor ChatGPT’s activity and discourages enabling persistent approval for message-sending actions. The company warns that persistent approval “removes your final chance to review a message before ChatGPT sends it as you.”

That warning underpins the distinction between using AI as a drafting tool and allowing an agent to execute actions autonomously. A generated response can be reviewed and changed before it is sent, while autonomous sending creates the possibility that an inaccurate interpretation, inappropriate tone, or mistaken recipient could result in a message being delivered without a final human check.

The Messages integration is part of a broader push by OpenAI to make ChatGPT an agent capable of interacting with applications and data on a user’s device. The company’s strategy involves connecting its models to external tools so they can search information, manipulate files, write code, and perform tasks rather than simply answer questions.

For users, the appeal is convenience. Conversations that once required manually searching through years of messages can potentially be retrieved with a natural-language request. Routine follow-ups can be drafted from existing context, while professional users could use the same capabilities to work with communications without repeatedly switching between applications.

The trade-off is that the more deeply an AI assistant is integrated into personal and professional workflows, the greater the importance of clear controls over access, permissions, and actions.

OpenAI’s decision to keep the processing local, as described by the company, is intended to address some of those concerns. But the practical privacy implications will depend on how the plug-in communicates with ChatGPT, what information leaves the device, how permissions are enforced, and whether users can easily determine what the system has accessed.

The Messages integration therefore marks a significant expansion of ChatGPT’s capabilities, but also puts greater emphasis on the safeguards surrounding agentic AI. The technology is moving from helping users write messages to potentially reading, organizing, and sending them. But safety advocates warn that this makes human oversight and transparent permission controls necessary as AI assistants gain access to more personal data.

Japan’s Inflation Rose 1.9% in July as Oil Shock and Weak Yen Keep Pressure on BOJ

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Japan’s headline inflation accelerated to 1.9% in July, the highest level recorded this year, as rising energy costs began to feed into consumer prices and renewed pressure on the yen kept the outlook for monetary policy in focus.

Core inflation, which excludes fresh food but includes energy, rose 1.8% from a year earlier, in line with economists’ expectations. The so-called core-core measure, which excludes both fresh food and energy, increased 1.9%, suggesting that underlying price pressures remain close to the Bank of Japan’s 2% target even after stripping out volatile energy costs.

Energy prices increased for the first time since November 2025 despite government subsidies, as higher oil prices linked to the Iran war began to work their way through the Japanese economy.

The impact has been more pronounced at the wholesale level. Japan’s wholesale inflation rose 7.2% in July, with electricity charges making the largest contribution, indicating that energy costs are putting significant pressure on businesses even as government measures limit their immediate impact on households.

The relatively contained consumer inflation rate has partly reflected subsidies introduced by the Takaichi administration to cushion households from higher energy costs. Without those measures, the pass-through from higher oil and electricity prices could be more visible in consumer prices.

The latest data nevertheless reinforce the Bank of Japan’s warning that inflation could accelerate further.

In its outlook report last month, the central bank said core inflation was likely to rise to a level “clearly above” 2% from the second half of fiscal 2026, which begins in September and runs through March 2027.

The BOJ cited several factors that could keep inflation elevated, including wage increases being passed through to selling prices, higher crude oil prices and the yen’s depreciation. It expects inflation to eventually move back toward 2% as crude oil prices decline.

The currency remains a key part of that outlook.

Japanese authorities have demonstrated a willingness to intervene in foreign-exchange markets to support the yen. The currency strengthened from around 164 per dollar before the intervention to roughly 155, but subsequently surrendered much of those gains and has moved back toward 159.

The limited durability of the yen’s recovery has reinforced expectations that intervention alone may not be sufficient to reverse the currency’s underlying weakness. Investors continue to focus on the substantial interest-rate gap between Japan and the United States, with the U.S.-Japan 10-year government bond yield spread at about 1.8 percentage points as of Thursday.

That differential continues to make yen-funded trades attractive. Investors can borrow or raise funds in Japan at relatively low costs and deploy the proceeds into higher-yielding assets overseas, particularly U.S. bonds and other G10 currencies.

The temporary strengthening of the yen may therefore have created an opportunity for some investors to rebuild those positions rather than prompting a fundamental shift away from carry trades.

Japanese institutional investors are among those maintaining pressure on the currency. Long-term investors such as pension funds and asset managers have continued selling yen, according to Masahiko Loo, fixed income strategist at State Street Global Advisors.

“The intervention only addressed a ‘symptom’, but [is] not curing the ‘disease,’” said Francis Tan, Asia chief strategist at Indosuez Wealth Management, pointing to structural factors such as Japan’s low borrowing costs and wide interest-rate differentials with other major economies.

Koll said Japanese retail and institutional investors have also used periods of yen strength to establish positions in non-yen assets, particularly higher-yielding U.S. Treasury bills and bonds.

“The market is far less one-sided than before the intervention, but the incentives to fund in yen remain attractive while U.S.-Japan rate differentials stay wide,” Loo said.

Other market-flow data indicate that carry trades remain an important source of demand for foreign currencies against the yen. Long-term investors continue to sell the low-yielding Japanese currency against higher-yielding G10 currencies, consistent with the use of yen as a funding currency.

Ashwin Binwani, founder of Alpha Binwani Capital, said institutional investors remained positioned in carry trades against a basket of G10 currencies, led by the Australian dollar.

There are also signs that some currency traders are rebuilding bearish positions against the yen after the intervention-driven gains faded.

Binwani said he closed long dollar-yen positions after the U.S.-backed intervention before rebuilding them once the dollar rose above 157 yen.

“Upon news of the U.S. intervention, we took profit and once again re-established dollar yen long positions just slightly above 157,” he said.

The strategy illustrates the challenge facing Japanese authorities. Each intervention-driven rally in the yen can potentially become an opportunity for investors to sell the currency again if the underlying interest-rate differential remains unchanged.

While such positions are not identical to borrowing yen directly to invest in higher-yielding assets, both trades are supported by the same fundamental factor: Japan’s relatively low interest rates compared with other major economies.

Still, speculative bearish positioning against the yen has moderated significantly following the authorities’ intervention.

Data from the Commodity Futures Trading Commission showed leveraged funds cut their net short yen positions to 59,526 contracts as of Aug. 11, from nearly 138,000 contracts at the end of June.

The reduction indicates that intervention has had an effect on speculative positioning, even if it has not fundamentally eliminated the forces weighing on the currency.

Cramer: Macro Pressures Are Creating ‘Jarring Gulf’ Between Stock Prices And Business Reality

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CNBC’s Jim Cramer said Thursday that rising bond yields, higher oil prices and concerns about the U.S. consumer are making it increasingly difficult for investors to reward companies with strong underlying businesses, creating what he described as an “incredibly jarring gulf between stock prices and reality.”

Cramer’s comments came after another difficult session for Wall Street, with the Dow Jones Industrial Average falling 1.3%, the S&P 500 declining nearly 0.9% and the Nasdaq Composite losing 1%.

The selloff reflected growing concerns that higher energy prices, driven by the conflict involving Iran, could keep inflation elevated and limit the Federal Reserve’s ability to ease monetary policy. Treasury yields also moved higher, reversing much of the decline that followed the Treasury Department’s announcement Wednesday of a plan to bring down longer-term borrowing costs.

The 30-year Treasury yield had climbed above 5.33% earlier in the week, reaching a level not seen in nearly two decades.

Cramer argued that the market environment is forcing investors to evaluate individual companies through a much broader macroeconomic lens, even when their businesses continue to perform well.

“There’s an incredibly jarring gulf between stock prices and reality,” Cramer said on “Mad Money.”

He made the comments from the construction site of Micron Technology’s massive semiconductor fabrication complex in Boise, Idaho, where thousands of workers are building facilities that will eventually manufacture memory chips used in artificial intelligence systems.

The project, Cramer said, illustrates the scale of investment taking place in U.S. manufacturing and AI infrastructure at a time when financial markets are increasingly focused on economic risks.

“Unfortunately, though, you can’t take your eye off the broader market even if you think, as I do, that Micron’s stock is radically undervalued,” he said. “In the end, we always have to look at stocks through the market’s prism.”

Micron shares rose about 4% Thursday, even though the stock remains roughly 20% below its June record high. Cramer’s Charitable Trust, the portfolio associated with CNBC’s Investing Club, owns Micron shares.

The performance stood in contrast to the broader market, where concerns about consumers, energy costs, and interest rates continued to dominate trading.

Walmart provided one of the clearest examples of how those pressures can affect a major company. Shares of the retail giant plunged about 9% Thursday after the company reported quarterly comparable sales below Wall Street expectations and issued sales guidance that also disappointed investors.

Cramer said the results were more complicated than the headline figures suggested. Walmart has continued to emphasize low prices and market-share gains rather than maximizing short-term profit, while higher gasoline prices have reduced the amount of money consumers have available for other purchases.

Gasoline prices above $4 a gallon could place additional pressure on household budgets, particularly if elevated oil prices persist as the conflict involving Iran continues. That creates a difficult backdrop for retailers and other consumer-facing businesses because higher fuel costs can simultaneously increase operating expenses and reduce consumers’ discretionary spending.

“Two-thirds of this country’s economy is service-based,” Cramer said, explaining that the strength of the American consumer remains more important to the broader economy than the manufacturing investment taking place at projects such as Micron’s Idaho facility.

The bond market represents another challenge.

Treasury Secretary Scott Bessent told CNBC Thursday that the Treasury’s planned purchases of longer-dated government debt could exceed the $4 billion upper limit discussed the previous day.

The proposed purchases are intended to help put downward pressure on longer-term Treasury yields, but Cramer questioned whether the intervention would be large enough to make a meaningful difference given the size of the U.S. government’s debt.

“When America has $40 trillion in debt, a $4 billion buyback has the Treasury Secretary looking like the Little Dutch boy with his finger plugging the dike,” Cramer said.

The comparison underscores the scale mismatch between the Treasury’s proposed intervention and the broader forces influencing the bond market. Investors are weighing government borrowing needs, inflation, monetary policy and geopolitical risks, all of which can exert upward pressure on long-term yields.

Higher yields have much bearing for equities because they increase the return investors can obtain from relatively lower-risk government securities while also raising the discount rate applied to future corporate earnings. That can place disproportionate pressure on growth and technology stocks whose valuations depend heavily on profits expected years into the future.

Cramer said Micron’s performance demonstrates the difficulty of separating individual corporate fundamentals from broader market sentiment. The company is benefiting from substantial investment in AI infrastructure and from efforts to expand U.S. semiconductor manufacturing, yet its valuation remains affected by changes in interest rates and overall risk appetite.

“Micron’s stock finished up 4%. That’s terrific American exceptionalism at work,” Cramer said. “The problem is there are another 499 stocks in the S&P 500 and the prism made a lot of them look downright awful today.”

This points to a growing divide within the U.S. stock market. Companies tied to AI, semiconductor manufacturing, and other areas of strategic investment can continue to experience strong underlying demand, while their shares remain vulnerable to macroeconomic shocks.

India Infrastructure Output Growth Slows to 5.4% in July as Energy Production Moderates

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India’s infrastructure sector expanded at a slower pace in July, with output across the country’s nine core industries rising 5.4% from a year earlier as growth in electricity and iron ore production moderated.

The July increase followed a revised 6% expansion in June, according to data released by the Indian government under its newly revised infrastructure output series.

The latest figures provide an early indication of the strength of industrial activity in Asia’s third-largest economy, with the infrastructure sector accounting for a significant share of industrial production. The moderation in July was driven mainly by slower growth in electricity and iron ore, while stronger performances from cement, coal and refinery products provided support.

India introduced the revised series last month, changing the base year from 2011-12 to 2022-23 and expanding the core infrastructure basket to nine industries from eight by adding iron ore. The revised methodology is intended to provide a more current representation of the structure of the economy and the contribution of major infrastructure-related industries.

Cement production was one of the strongest performers in July, increasing 13.1% year on year after a revised 9.9% rise in June. The acceleration points to continued activity in construction and infrastructure projects, supported by government capital expenditure and private-sector investment.

Coal production also strengthened sharply, rising 7.6% in July compared with a 1.4% increase in June. The stronger output suggests increased availability of a key fuel for India’s power generation and industrial sectors.

Electricity generation, however, slowed to 9% growth from 11.4% in June. Electricity output remains a critical indicator of industrial and economic momentum in India, making the moderation an important offset to stronger coal and cement production.

Iron ore production rose 29.5%, extending its rapid expansion but slowing substantially from a revised 44.5% increase in June. Because iron ore has been added to the revised nine-industry basket, its performance now has a direct bearing on the headline infrastructure index.

Steel production also lost momentum, growing 2.9% in July compared with a revised 5.6% increase in June. The weaker expansion came even as cement and coal production accelerated, pointing to uneven conditions across India’s industrial base.

The energy sector remained mixed. Crude oil production declined 5.3% in July, worsening from a 4.2% contraction in June. Natural gas output fell 3.7%, narrower than the revised 4.8% contraction recorded a month earlier.

Fertilizer production also weakened, falling 8% after declining 3.3% in June. The contraction adds to the pressure in an industry closely linked to agricultural demand and the availability of key farm inputs.

Refinery products provided some support, with output increasing 2.7% in July after a revised 4% decline in June. The turnaround indicates stronger activity in India’s refining industry and helped offset contractions in crude oil and natural gas production.

Together, the data show an economy with solid underlying industrial activity but significant divergence between sectors. Construction-linked industries such as cement continued to expand strongly, while several upstream energy industries remained under pressure.

The cumulative picture is more positive than the monthly slowdown suggests. Infrastructure output increased 4.3% year on year during April-July, the first four months of India’s fiscal year, compared with growth of just 1.5% in the corresponding period a year earlier.

That acceleration gives the government and investors a stronger indication that industrial activity has gained momentum compared with the beginning of the previous fiscal year. The performance of the core industries will also feed into assessments of broader industrial production and economic growth.

The revised series makes direct comparisons with older data more difficult because of the change in the base year and the addition of iron ore. Still, the latest figures show that India’s infrastructure sector entered the current fiscal year with substantially stronger cumulative growth than a year earlier.

The key question for the coming months will be whether stronger construction and coal activity can offset persistent weakness in crude oil, natural gas and fertilizer production, while steel and electricity maintain sufficient momentum to support broader industrial expansion.

However, the July data point to continued resilience in domestic infrastructure activity but also highlight the uneven nature of India’s industrial recovery. The combination of accelerating cumulative growth and slowing monthly output is seen as an indication that the pace of expansion remains positive, but may be sensitive to developments in energy production and industrial demand.