Tesla CEO Elon Musk announced on Thursday that he expects the company’s Full Self-Driving (FSD) software to gain full regulatory approval in China by early next year, potentially around February or March.

Musk’s comments came during Tesla’s annual general meeting, where he also noted that the system currently has only partial approval in the country.

China remains a key market for Tesla, though its market share has declined to 8% in the latest quarter, down from a high of 15.4% in Q1 2023. Local automakers have been steadily attracting customers by offering advanced driver assistance features at no extra cost, intensifying competition for Tesla.

The FSD system has been partially approved in China since February 2025. Before that, Tesla owners could only use the less advanced Autopilot option. Many buyers in China paid 64,000 yuan ($9,000) for FSD, anticipating a rapid full rollout. The continued delay in approval has created friction among these early adopters, who have been unable to fully utilize the capabilities of the software they purchased.

Currently, Tesla’s FSD in China operates under limitations. The system cannot autonomously change gears, meaning vehicles cannot complete trips from one parking space to another without driver input. It has also struggled with accurately reading local traffic signs and road markings, complicating the path to regulatory approval.

Musk’s prediction comes amid broader challenges for Tesla in obtaining safety approvals in its home market of the United States. Regulators, including the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (NHTSA), have raised concerns about the company’s FSD system and its ability to operate safely under varying conditions.

In August, the NHTSA launched an investigation into Tesla over software reliability, accident reporting, and the pace at which autonomous features are deployed. The regulator said automakers are required to report crashes involving advanced driver-assist features “within one or five days” of an incident. But Tesla was filing reports “several months or more” after crashes occurred.

Tesla has failed to meet the standing general order (SGO) safety requirement issued in 2021. The mandate compels automakers and robotaxi companies to disclose crashes involving both fully autonomous vehicles and Level 2 driver-assist systems. Under the order, any collision must be reported if an automated driving system was engaged within 30 seconds of impact.

Since the rule came into force, Tesla has disclosed over 2,300 crashes to the federal government. An analysis of the data reveals Tesla accounted for 40 out of 43 fatal crashes reported under the SGO, underscoring its outsized role in accidents tied to semi-autonomous systems. The company told regulators that the delays stemmed from a data collection issue that has since been corrected.

These ongoing hurdles highlight that even as Tesla pushes for global expansion, regulatory compliance remains a critical bottleneck for its autonomous driving ambitions.

Analysts note that full approval in China could bolster Tesla’s market position, particularly among premium buyers, while providing an opportunity to demonstrate its autonomous driving technology under strict regulatory standards. The push for approval in China has become urgent following Tesla shareholders’ approval of the $1 trillion compensation package for Musk. The plan is tied to the CEO boosting Tesla’s valuation to over $8 trillion.

If Tesla secures full approval, the FSD system could unlock a wider range of autonomous features specifically tailored to Chinese roads and traffic conditions, helping the company recover market share lost to competitive domestic brands.

On November 5, 2025, Ripple Labs announced the completion of a $500 million strategic investment round, valuing the company at $40 billion.

This marks Ripple’s first external funding since 2019 and comes amid a surge in institutional interest in blockchain-based financial tools. The round was led by Fortress Investment Group and Citadel Securities, with participation from heavyweights like Pantera Capital, Galaxy Digital, Brevan Howard, and Marshall Wace.

Notably, Ripple’s president Monica Long emphasized that the company wasn’t actively seeking capital but responded to strong demand from these investors, signaling confidence in its pivot toward broader financial services.

$40 billion (a ~300% increase from its last round in 2019 at $10 billion). Announced November 5, 2025; fits within the first week of November. Follows a $1 billion share tender offer earlier in 2025 at the same valuation; Ripple also repurchased over 25% of its shares to align with partners

This raise isn’t just financial firepower—it’s a vote of confidence from traditional finance giants betting on Ripple’s role in bridging crypto with real-world applications.

CEO Brad Garlinghouse described it as “validation of Ripple’s growth strategy and business built on the foundation of XRP,” highlighting the company’s evolution from a payments startup to a diversified platform.

Ripple has long been synonymous with cross-border remittances via its Ripple Payments network (powered by XRP), which has processed over $95 billion across 75 regulatory licenses in the past two years.

The new capital is earmarked to accelerate expansion in several high-growth areas: Stablecoins: Ripple is doubling down on its RLUSD stablecoin, recently partnering with Mastercard for settlement services.

This positions RLUSD as a compliant, enterprise-grade option for tokenized payments, potentially rivaling USDC or USDT in institutional adoption.

Payments Infrastructure: Building on XRP’s speed (3-5 second settlements) and low cost, Ripple is enhancing global remittance tools. Recent integrations, like Clear Junction’s multi-currency SWIFT service, underscore this shift toward seamless fiat-crypto bridges.

The funds will fuel custody services for crypto assets, prime brokerage for institutions, and corporate treasury solutions using digital assets. Ripple has made six acquisitions in the last two years (two over $1 billion), broadening its footprint in these domains.

This aligns with a broader crypto-friendly U.S. regulatory environment under the Trump administration, including potential stablecoin legislation and DOJ signals that decentralized protocols like XRP won’t face charges.

On-chain metrics back the momentum: Over 21,000 new XRPL wallets emerged in just 48 hours last week—the largest surge in eight months—hinting at rising adoption. While Ripple’s valuation tripled, XRP’s price has been more tempered, trading around $2.28 as of November 5 up slightly from a weekly 14% dip but far from its July 2025 all-time high of $3.65.

Analysts attribute this to broader market caution (e.g., Bitcoin dipping below $104K), but see long-term upside from: ETF Potential: Spot XRP ETFs from Bitwise and Grayscale could launch by mid-November, unlocking institutional inflows.

Whale Activity: Subtle accumulation amid low volume suggests big players are positioning for growth. X discussions are electric, with users like XRPIntelWire and Crypto_Barbbiet amplifying the news as a “tectonic shift” for global finance.

In short, this funding cements Ripple’s status as a crypto infrastructure powerhouse, with XRP at its core. If stablecoin and payments adoption accelerates as planned, it could propel XRP toward new highs—watch for ETF news and RLUSD milestones in the coming weeks.

Solana DeFi TVL Growth, A Strong Q3 Performance

Solana’s decentralized finance (DeFi) total value locked (TVL) surged 32.7% quarter-over-quarter (QoQ) in Q3 2025, reaching $11.5 billion by the end of September.

This marks a robust recovery and expansion for the ecosystem, driven by key protocols and broader market momentum. Solana’s DeFi TVL has shown volatility but consistent upward trajectory in USD terms over 2025, fueled by low fees ($0.00025 per transaction), high throughput (up to 65,000 TPS), and innovative protocols.

-64% (from Q4 2024): Sharp drop amid market uncertainty, but stablecoin market cap rose 145% to $12.5B offsetting some losses. +30.4% led by Kamino ($2.1B TVL, +33.9% QoQ) and staking growth (64.8% of SOL supply staked, $60B total). DEX volumes dipped 45.4%, but capital efficiency improved.

Top protocols: Kamino ($2.8B, +33.1%), Jupiter ($2.6B, +59.6%), Raydium ($2.3B, +32.3%). Stablecoins hit record $14.1B; RWAs grew 41.9% to $682M. Spot DEX volume +17% to $4B daily.

Early Q4 snapshots (e.g., Nov 5) show temporary dips to ~$9.9B due to price corrections, but Q3 end-of-quarter figures hold at $11.5B. Kamino and Jupiter dominated, with Jupiter’s new Lend product (powered by Fluid) boosting liquidity.

These two alone accounted for ~46% of Solana’s DeFi TVL. Record stablecoin inflows ($14.1B) provided a stable base for lending and trading. Real-world assets (RWAs) like Ondo’s USDY and BlackRock’s BUIDL tokenized funds added $682M, up 41.9% QoQ.

Despite a broader DeFi TVL record of $237B across chains (Ethereum at ~$92B), Solana solidified its #2 spot behind Ethereum, with superior capital efficiency—generating $562M in Q2 revenue alone via high APRs (e.g., 14% on stablecoin pools vs. Ethereum’s 3%).

Global DeFi activity cooled daily active wallets -22% QoQ, but Solana bucked the trend with +17% DEX volume growth, highlighting its appeal for high-speed, low-cost trading.

Implications for SOL and Beyond

This TVL milestone underscores Solana’s maturation as a DeFi powerhouse, potentially signaling bullish momentum for SOL price (which hovered around $170-200 in late Q3).

With ETF launches (e.g., Bitwise BSOL in Oct 2025) and ongoing upgrades like Jupiter’s ICO platform, expect continued inflows. However, risks like network outages and market volatility persist—watch on-chain metrics like active addresses (2.2M+ daily) for sustained health.

Jupiter has transformed from a simple DEX aggregator into the cornerstone of Solana’s DeFi ecosystem, often dubbed the “everything exchange for everyone.” Launched in 2021, it now commands ~95% of Solana’s DEX aggregator market share, routes billions in monthly volume, and integrates seamlessly across swaps, perps, lending, and more.

As of November 2025, with $3.58B in TVL, Jupiter isn’t just a tool—it’s Solana’s DeFi operating system, prioritizing user-centric innovation over hype. This deep dive covers its mechanics, growth, tokenomics, and future trajectory, grounded in on-chain data and recent developments.

At its heart, Jupiter is a liquidity aggregator that scans dozens of Solana DEXs (e.g., Raydium, Orca, Meteora) to find the optimal trade route, minimizing slippage and fees while maximizing execution speed.

It leverages Solana’s high throughput up to 65,000 TPS for near-instant settlements. For any swap, Jupiter’s engine (now Ultra v3) evaluates 50+ liquidity sources in real-time, splitting orders across protocols for the best price.

This includes intermediary swaps (e.g., SOL ? USDC via multiple AMMs) and supports every Solana token, even low-liquidity or “forgotten” ones via RTSE (Real-Time Slippage Estimator).

Beyond basic swaps, it offers CEX-like features: limit orders, dollar-cost averaging (DCA), and perpetuals up to 100x leverage with Pyth oracles for accurate pricing. Gasless trading no SOL needed for fees and MEV protection make it accessible for retail users.

Perpetuals (Jupiter Perps): Dominates Solana’s perps market with 80-85% share early in 2025 compressing to ~45% by September amid competition from Drift. Deep liquidity from JLP (Jupiter Liquidity Provider) pools ensures low slippage; recent updates cut SOL borrow fees by 25% for parity with BTC/ETH positions.

Lending (Jupiter Lend): Launched in May 2025 with Fluid, it hit $1B+ TVL weeks after beta. Features high-LTV borrowing (e.g., 7.5x leverage on Multiply) and yields like 16.9% APY on JupSOL/SOL pairs. It’s one of Solana’s fastest-growing protocols, emphasizing capital efficiency over risky over-leverage.

Jupiter’s edge-Ultra v3 Engine: Delivers 96% success rates, 0-1 block confirmations, and 10x lower fees than competitors. It verifies routes pre-execution, preventing “catfished” quotes, and expands gasless swaps ecosystem-wide.

Ecosystem Ties: Powers 35% of Solana’s DeFi invocations; integrates with deBridge for cross-chain bridging. Partnerships include Ethena Labs (for JupUSD), Kalshi (predictions market, Oct 2025), and Meteora (LP strategies).

It’s “frontendless” for new DEXs—protocols like Bloom rely on Jupiter for user routing. Jupiter’s growth mirrors Solana’s resurgence, with Q3 2025 revenue hitting $46M up from $26.5M in Jan. It generates fees via 0.05-0.1% per swap, sharing with partners (e.g., Phantom earns 80% of affiliate revenue).

Early Q4 dips tied to market corrections, but perps and lending inflows persist.Jupiter’s efficiency shines: 4% compute usage for 84% perp volume (vs. competitors like Zeta at 70% for 0.3%). Stablecoin volumes hit $19.4B YTD, with Jupiter capturing $750M in JLP for yield redistribution.

Nvidia CEO Jensen Huang said on Saturday that the chipmaker is experiencing “very strong demand” for its state-of-the-art Blackwell processors, even as the company remains locked out of China’s lucrative market under U.S. export restrictions.

The remarks came during Huang’s visit to Taiwan for an event organized by Nvidia’s long-time partner, Taiwan Semiconductor Manufacturing Co (TSMC), where he reaffirmed the strength of the global AI chip boom and Nvidia’s growing reliance on TSMC’s production capacity.

“Nvidia builds the GPU, but we also build the CPU, the networking, the switches, and so there are a lot of chips associated with Blackwell,” Huang told reporters in Hsinchu.

He noted that demand for the firm’s AI hardware has surged across the U.S., Europe, and the Middle East, where cloud providers and AI startups are racing to secure high-performance computing capacity.

TSMC’s CEO C.C. Wei confirmed that Huang had requested additional wafer supplies but said the quantity was confidential.

“TSMC is doing a very good job supporting us on wafers,” Huang said, crediting the Taiwanese foundry’s efficiency and innovation for Nvidia’s record growth.

In October, Nvidia became the first company to reach a $5 trillion market capitalization — a milestone Wei described as “historic,” calling Huang a “five-trillion-dollar man.”

The demand for Nvidia’s new Blackwell platform — which integrates advanced graphics, networking, and compute technologies — highlights the company’s near-total dominance in AI hardware. The chip is the engine behind major generative AI systems such as OpenAI’s GPT models and underpins data center operations at firms like Amazon, Microsoft, and Google.

However, Nvidia’s growth is unfolding under the weight of geopolitical constraints that have effectively cut off access to one of its largest potential markets. Since 2023, Washington has banned the sale of Nvidia’s most advanced AI chips — including the A100, H100, and now the Blackwell series — to China, citing concerns that the hardware could accelerate Beijing’s military and artificial intelligence capabilities.

The restrictions have been steadily tightened under the Trump administration, with the U.S. government now blocking Nvidia from shipping even downgraded versions of its chips, such as the A800 and H800, which were specifically designed to comply with earlier export limits.

Huang confirmed on Friday that “there are no active discussions” about selling Blackwell chips to China and had said the company’s share of the advanced AI chip market in China is now “zero.”

Before the restrictions, China accounted for roughly 20% of Nvidia’s total revenue, with tech giants like Alibaba, Tencent, and Baidu among its biggest customers. Their heavy investments in AI training clusters had made China one of the world’s fastest-growing buyers of data center GPUs. The ban has since forced these companies to seek alternative suppliers or accelerate domestic chip development. Beijing has responded by fast-tracking local semiconductor firms such as Huawei, which has developed its Ascend AI chips as a partial substitute for Nvidia’s products.

Despite losing this vast market, Nvidia’s global demand has more than compensated for the shortfall. The company has seen explosive growth in data center sales, driven by the worldwide race to build AI supercomputing infrastructure. With supply shortages still limiting production, even major U.S. tech firms are competing for allocation slots.

Huang acknowledged that Nvidia continues to face occasional supply constraints — not just in wafer capacity but also in high-bandwidth memory (HBM), which is crucial for AI workloads.

“We have three very, very good memory makers — SK Hynix, Samsung, Micron — all incredibly good memory makers, and they have scaled up tremendous capacity to support us,” he said.

The global chip supply chain has entered what analysts describe as an “AI super cycle,” with suppliers expanding production to meet demand that shows no sign of slowing. SK Hynix said last week it had already sold out its entire 2025 output of advanced memory chips, while Samsung Electronics confirmed it was in “close discussion” to supply its next-generation HBM4 chips to Nvidia.

Even without China, Nvidia’s trajectory remains unmatched. Its Blackwell chips, expected to surpass the performance and efficiency of the current Hopper generation, are central to nearly every major AI deployment worldwide. The company’s success has also bolstered Taiwan’s TSMC, which manufactures nearly all of Nvidia’s GPUs using its most advanced process nodes.

Huang’s fourth trip to Taiwan this year underscored the growing strategic importance of that partnership.

Berkshire Hathaway shares climbed this week, bucking a broader Wall Street downturn driven by renewed concerns over inflated artificial intelligence valuations and slowing U.S. economic momentum.

The conglomerate’s Class B and Class A shares advanced 4.5% following a robust earnings report, even as the Nasdaq tumbled 3% — its steepest weekly decline since April.

According to CNBC, the gains trimmed Berkshire’s underperformance gap against the S&P 500 to 4.3 percentage points, down from 12.2 percentage points in late October. The rally came after Warren Buffett’s company posted a 34% jump in third-quarter operating profits to nearly $13.5 billion, underscored by a sharp rebound in its insurance business, where underwriting income surged 200%.

The report, which reflected broad strength across Berkshire’s subsidiaries, also highlighted the company’s growing liquidity position. As of September 30, Berkshire’s cash pile stood at $381.7 billion, up 10.9% from the end of June — a new record. Adjusted for BNSF Railway’s cash and the timing of Treasury bill purchases, the total comes to about $354.3 billion, marking a 4.3% rise over the same period.

Notably, Berkshire made no share repurchases during the quarter, signaling Buffett’s belief that the stock remains fairly valued despite its sluggish performance earlier in the year. Equity sales once again outpaced purchases, a conservative stance consistent with Buffett’s cautious view of the current market environment.

While tech-heavy indices have faltered under pressure from overvaluation worries, Berkshire’s diversified portfolio — spanning insurance, railroads, utilities, and consumer goods — continues to benefit from its defensive positioning. Analysts say the company’s record cash reserves give it significant flexibility to act if market volatility creates new value opportunities.

Adding intrigue to the week’s developments, Berkshire confirmed that Warren Buffett will issue a special message on November 10, fueling speculation that it could be one of his final public notes as CEO. In a brief statement, the firm said the release will address “philanthropy, Berkshire, and other matters that shareholders and others may find of interest.” The announcement follows reports suggesting Buffett has been preparing to formalize more of his long-term succession and giving plans.

Meanwhile, in a separate move that underscores Buffett’s continued confidence in Japan’s corporate sector, Berkshire has reportedly hired banks to arrange another yen-denominated bond sale, according to Bloomberg and Nikkei. The company has also filed a preliminary prospectus with the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission.

It would mark the second yen borrowing by Berkshire this year — a clear signal that it intends to deepen its investments in Japan’s five major trading houses, which it began acquiring stakes in back in 2019. Those holdings have become a core part of Berkshire’s international strategy, reflecting Buffett’s admiration for the trading companies’ diversified business models and shareholder-friendly practices.

The market welcomed the news: shares in four of the five trading houses advanced this week, led by Itochu’s 6.5% gain. All five stocks now trade near all-time highs, pushing the combined value of Berkshire’s disclosed holdings to roughly $33 billion, up from $31 billion just a month earlier. The total could be even higher if additional, undisclosed purchases have been made in recent weeks.

As Wall Street recalibrates its expectations for AI-driven growth and tech valuations cool, Buffett’s traditional, cash-rich discipline still resonates with investors seeking stability amid market froth – with analysts attributing it to Berkshire’s rise.

Whether his message on Monday turns out to be a philosophical send-off or another sober assessment of markets, it is likely to capture the attention of investors across the globe — just as Berkshire’s balance sheet continues to do.