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The Grand Unification- Software Eating and Saving the World, Economically

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Apple plans to offer Buy Now, Pay Later service. With that consumers can pay for any Apple Pay service in installments over time, rivaling the “buy now, pay later” products popularized by fintech powerhouses like Affirm and Paypal. In other words, Apple is now a lending company, and can technically make small marginal gains on the loans! That is good news for Goldman Sachs, its partner, as the bank continues to recalibrate for the new age where volume, even at low margins, is critical. Yes, Goldman Sachs can help process that $99 “loan” through Apple Pay Later. Just a few years ago, no one could have expected that from GS.

The upcoming service, known internally as Apple Pay Later, will use Goldman Sachs Group Inc. as the lender for the loans needed for the installment offerings, according to people with knowledge of the matter. Goldman Sachs has been Apple’s partner for the Apple Card credit card since 2019, but the new offering isn’t tied to the Apple Card and doesn’t require the use of one, said the people, who asked not to be named discussing unannounced products.

As Apple works on lending, Netflix is preparing to offer video games. The company has hired a former Electronic Arts business leader to drive game development, with a view to offering games within the next year. That is a very important playbook if the plan is to do all necessary to get people to renew their subscriptions.

Netflix’s growing fascination with video games will soon explode in the form of a full-fledged game-publishing arm.

While Netflix has yet to post its own announcement about the initiative, the streaming-video provider has confirmed to Ars Technica that it has hired a former EA and Oculus exec to lead a Netflix game-publishing team.

The newly hired exec is Mike Verdu, who most recently worked in developer relations with Facebook’s Oculus VR team (his public profile still says that’s his current job). He has worked in game development and publishing since the early ’90s, and his first studio, Legend Entertainment, was eventually acquired by GT Interactive.

Then, I report that Google has bought a fintech company: “Alphabet, Google’s parent company, has agreed to buy Japanese payments firm, Pring. The startup’s three top shareholders – Metaps, software company Miroku Jyoho Service Co Ltd, and Nippon Gas Co – announced on Tuesday they would sell their combined 87% holding in Pring to Google.”

You may ask: what is going on here? What is happening here is the power to do anything because once you have the foundational technology stack, you can easily combine and recombine things on the top stacks. Apple can add lending. Even GS can offer cheap loans. Netflix can go into gaming because it has all the core pieces already. And Google is adding payment because there is no reason not to. For Google specifically, it comes down to what I have called fintechnolization: the stable state of most digital platforms is to add a financial service product.

This thing called software will eat the world – and will also save the world, economically. It will bring a unification in many business sectors as everything business becomes a technology company, offering nothing but services in many verticals. The bank of the future will be tech firms which offer banking as a service, just as insurers of the future will be technology firms which offer insurance services.

In the next few years, technology products will evolve: Facebook can do many things right there. So, the critical playbook for innovators is to think from day one on how to deepen their moats and protect their castles, and one way of doing that is to add physical domains in anything you are doing.  When you have physical components, digital firms cannot easily automate you out. A physical component could be providing dedicated payment systems to farmers and supporting those farmers with logistics provided they use your payment technology. As you provide that support, disintermediating you will become harder.

Nigeria Leads Africa’s Mobile App Market Growth – Google, AppsFlyer

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A report published by AppsFlyer, a Leading Global marketing measurement, in collaboration with Google, has ranked Nigeria the largest mobile app downloading market in Africa.

Other African countries that ranked high in the report include South Africa and Kenya. The growth is linked to the pandemic restrictions which forced many to stay at home and make more use of their mobile phones.

According to the report, over 6,000 apps and 2 billion installs across South Africa, Nigeria, and Kenya, between Q1 2020 and Q1 2021 were analysed. The report discovered that the African mobile app market showed strong growth, with overall installs increasing by 41%. Nigeria showed the highest growth, with a 43% uplift, followed by 37% in South Africa, and 29% in Kenya.

33% of 2020’s in-app purchasing revenue was generated in Q3, as consumer spending grows.

Showing perhaps the biggest trend, in-app purchasing revenue numbers soared between July and September, with a 136% increase compared to the previous three months. This accounted for a third of the year’s total revenue, highlighting just how much African consumers were spending within apps, from retail purchases to gaming upgrades.

South Africa’s in-app purchasing revenue surged by a massive 213%, with Nigeria and Kenya also showing significant increases of 141% and 74% in the same time frame.

Lockdown impact

The stay-at-home period boosted app usage, as people switch to online for day-today activities, making use of tools found in apps.

According to the report, overall app installs increased by 20% in Q2 2020 compared to the previous quarter. The varying degrees of restrictions in each of the three countries reflected on the speed of their download volume. South Africa, which was hardly hit by the pandemic compared to others, was swift to record 17% installs of mobile apps. Nigeria and Kenya, with lax lockdown restrictions recorded increases of 2% and 9% respectively, as people could access many services offline.

The report indicated where the interest of the people lies by their choices of apps. South Africa and Nigeria saw year-on-year growth in finance app installs by 116% and 60% respectively. The pandemic accelerated the growth of digital payments, especially as the African continent was embracing cryptocurrency and fintech boom.

The report noted an increase in Android’s larger market share within Sub-Saharan Africa, which saw advertisers increased their budget on the platform. Non-organic installs increased by 54%, compared to 19% for iOS. The cost per install (CPI) on iOS also increased by 21% between Q2 and Q3 2020, which meant iOS app developers were getting fewer installs for the same budget. Towards the end of the year and into 2021, there was no uplift in non-organic installs on iOS compared to 40% on Android.

The report found similar levels of overall growth across verticals during the year, with gaming installs increasing by 44% and non-gaming increasing by 40%.

Daniel Junowicz, RVP EMEA & Strategic Projects, AppsFlyer said the growth shows consumers’ willingness to spend despite the pandemic.

“We’re proud to combine forces with Google to provide businesses with the insights and technology needed to succeed on mobile in Africa. The mobile app space in Africa is thriving, despite the turmoil of the last year. Installs are growing, and consumers are spending more money than ever before, highlighting just how important mobile can be for businesses when it comes to driving revenue.

“As a result, mobile marketing is becoming increasingly important for businesses across the continent. Being able to make data-driven informed decisions, and understand the ROI on marketing campaigns will be key to any app marketers’ success,” he said.

However, compared to other continents, Africa still lags behind in mobile app downloads even though it holds a huge market. Rama Afullo, Apps Lead for Africa at Google, said businesses need to embrace digital tools to capture value from the market.

“While it’s clear that mobile adoption is increasing, there’s still room for growth when it comes to app marketing, with many marketers in the nascent stage of their app maturity journey.

“Taking advantage of app promotion and engagement tools like Google’s App Campaigns, using analytics and measurement tools, and working with mobile measurement partners like AppsFlyer, will be important for companies looking to grow their user base, drive customer value and continue improving the user experience,” Afullo said.

Nigeria’s Productivity Paralyses In Logistics and Petroleum Industry Bill

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This is simply why productivity is dropping in Nigeria: “The cost of transporting a container from Apapa port to Ikeja, Lagos, has increased from N300,000 as of 2018 to N1.6 million or more in 2021. This represents an increase of 500% at the minimum. On the other hand, the cost of trucking the same container from Ikeja to Kano has only hovered around N600,000 within the period under review. This was disclosed by Oluwemimo Joseph, Strategy & Projects Head and Chief Financial Officer of JET Motor Company, during an exclusive interview with Nairametrics on Tuesday.”

“The cost of trucking a container from Apapa to Ikeja is twice the cost of taking the same container to Kano or Kaduna. The cost has increased from N300,000 in 2018 to N1.6 million by January 2021.

The major cause of this is because the truck owners will tell you that such task, which should have taken them two days will end up taking 6 or more days due to congestion at the port,” Joseph said.

With a broken supply chain system, Nigeria has a real challenge in the economy. We need to fix it and make sure that our processes and systems can run efficiently. And the nation seems to have a playbook with the selection of four asset managers to run the $37 billion fund for Infrastructure Corporation of Nigeria Limited (Infra-Co) which is set up to deepen investment in roads, railways, power projects, and other sectors in Nigeria. The companies selected include Netherlands-based Sanlam Infraworks; AIIM, a unit of South Africa’s Old Mutual Group; Lagos-based Chapel Hill Denham; and Tripple A, a consortium comprising AfricaPlus Partners and Arc Asset Management as well as Afrinvest West Africa, a Nigerian investment bank.

The company is expected to begin operations in Q3 2021 according to the governor of the Central Bank of Nigeria.

Work has indeed attained an advanced stage and we have received the approval of the Chairman of the Steering Committee, the Vice President, Prof. Yemi Osinbajo, for the approval of the appointment of KPMG as the transaction advisers and only recently we also obtained approval for the appointment of asset managers.

So, following conclusions of these arrangements and further activities, I like to assure all of us that the Infrastructure Corporation of Nigeria is expected to begin full operation by the third quarter of 2021.

We believe that through a partnership with the private sector, Infraco will be able to leverage close to N15 trillion over the coming years to close the country’s infrastructure gap.

I’m happy to acknowledge that the establishment of the Infrastructure Corporation of Nigeria has generated a lot of interest from both local and international private fund managers who are keen to work with the promoters in deploying private sector capital to support investment in key infrastructure in Nigeria.’’

Meanwhile, the Petroleum Industry Bill is causing a problem with this line: “Section 317(8) in the Senate’s version of the Bill states that licence to import any product shortfalls shall be assigned only to companies with active local refining licences.” Expectedly industry players are concerned that refiners like Dangote Refinery will simply take over the market if this has to stay.

Any provision that does not guarantee a free and open market will give room to price inefficiencies and eventually kill off small businesses in the downstream sector.

“This provision will stifle price competition and leave pricing to be solely dictated by a few local refiners. If Nigerians are to pay higher international prices at the pump, we should also benefit when prices go down internationally,” they stated

They argued that this was not guaranteed unless there was healthy competition.

“Prices must be kept competitive at the pump for the benefit of the average Nigerian whose income is constantly being eroded by inflation.

“Allowing imports by major players across the supply chain will protect consumers by ensuring that local pump prices are not higher than regional and international prices.

“MOMAN and DAPPMAN remain committed to the sustainability and institutionalisation of a viable downstream petroleum industry for the social and economic growth of Nigeria,” they stressed.

I pointed this out many months ago: “So, the problem is not just refiners importing, the problem is that some could become exporters. Yes, they get the local crude oil and they simply export it! The Petroleum Industry Bill  must fix these loopholes with criminal penalties”

If you are in the business of importing crude refined products, there is a disintermediation on the way. Yes, Dangote Refinery is pushing that “license to import any product shortfalls should be assigned only to companies with active refining licenses. Import volume to be allocated between participants based on their respective production in the preceding quarter. ’’

Punch had reported that Dangote Group has desired  for inclusion in the Petroleum Industry Bill a requirement that the license to import petroleum products should be given only to companies with active refining licenses. The company does think that by having that requirement, companies will invest in local refining business.

How to Curb the Problem of Unclaimed Certificates in Schools

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On 1st July, 2021, Mr. Gabriel Egbe, the Registrar of University of Calabar (UNICAL) revealed that forty-two thousand (42, 000) unclaimed certificates have been discovered in the school. According to him, some of these certificates date back to the 1980s and they were found in different faculties of the school. He threatened to publish the list of the owners of the certificates and to surcharge them when they come to pick them up. Mr. Egbe’s threat will likely yield a good result, for those that still care about their certificates, but it will not solve the existing problem. Unless he and the administrators of other schools and exam bodies change their modus operandi when it comes to issuing certificates, this type of problem will persist.

The management of UNICAL might be the first to declare the high number of unclaimed certificates in the school but that does not mean the school is the only one witnessing this issue. Every Nigerian school has piles of unclaimed certificates gathering dust somewhere. Exam bodies, such as WAEC and NECO will also have theirs. What about our primary and secondary schools? Those ones also have a share of their stories to tell. So, unclaimed certificates are a common phenomenon in Nigerian schools. In fact, most people don’t even know they have to go back to their schools to collect their certificates. That’s how bad it is.

But, as I said earlier, unless Mr. Egbe, his colleagues in other schools, and the Nigerian exam bodies decide to change how things are done in the education sector, more unclaimed certificates will emerge. The first thing that should be changed is the delay in issuing certificates. It is quite odd that an individual has to go back to his alma mater four or five years after graduation to collect his certificate. 

This number of years is enough for the person to acquire another education, maybe a higher one, and decide to move on without going back for the lesser certificate. Or, he must have left town, and so, had no way of picking the certificate when it “comes out”. This is where the second problem comes in: the inability to collect the certificate by proxy. I can bet you that most of the owners of those certificates are either out of the country or in other states of the federation. Some of them must have sent someone to pick it up but the person was greeted with a “we don’t give it to another person” story. It is well.

Another thing I don’t understand is why schools are fast to issue statements of results but delay in giving certificates. Why won’t the time used to prepare statements of results be spent on producing certificates? Why give students statements of results first and then spend years issuing certificates? I understand that the statement of result can be recalled for minor or major corrections but should that be the reason for delaying certificates? Well, your guess is as good as mine.

Anyway, the reasons people don’t go back for their certificates are many. Many have lost interest in that “piece of paper” because they have found careers their certificates could not provide or sustain. Some people have forgotten their school registration numbers and do not want to stress themselves thinking hard about it. There are those that are comfortable with their statements of results because their employers are not bothered about certificates. So, the best thing schools can do to prevent the sort of thing revealed by the Registrar of UNICAL is to present students with their certificates upon graduation.

Messi Agrees to A New Five-Year Contract with Barcelona After Winning Copa America

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Stars like Messi are the attraction

Finally, Lionel Messi is set to commit his future to Barcelona, ending the uncertainties that have surrounded his career ever since his contract expired on June 30th.

The sixth time Ballon d’Or winner will sign a new five-year contract at Barcelona after agreeing to a 50 per cent wage cut. The Spanish side will announce his re-signing in a few days.

The news came a few days after the Argentine captain lifted the Copa America for the first time, ending the stigma of not winning any major trophy in his national career.

Last year, fed up with the lacklustre situation in Barcelona, Messi had thrown in the towel, requesting to leave his childhood club at the end of the season. Messi has spent his entire career to date on Barca’s books, having initially made his debut for the club as a teenager in 2004.

The new contract means the 34 years old will spend the best part of his career in Camp Nou. Barcelona has had to get around a lot of hurdles to re-sign Messi after he became a free agent, following the expiration of contract.

The hurdles include getting Messi’s wages to fit into La Liga’s financial framework. Barcelona exceeded La Liga’s wage limit at the end of the 2020-21 campaign, making it impossible for the Spanish giants to offer their most valued asset a lucrative deal.

Messi earned a staggering £468m/$650m over the course of his last five-year contract at Camp Nou, which equates to around £64m/$89m per season. The new contract means he will earn half of the money in the next five years. The new contract also reportedly has a termination clause of £320 million ($444 million).

The pressure piled up on Barca as La Liga president Javier Tebas warned that the Blaugrana, who would need to register Messi as a new signing, will not legally do so without significantly reducing their wage bill.

Messi’s father and agent, Jorge Messi, has been in talks with Barca’s newly elected president Joan Laporta, for weeks now. Laporta was elected on the promise of revitalizing Barcelona’s philosophy which Messi said had significantly waned under former president Josep Bartomeu. Barcelona was thrown into disarray after Messi sent a burofax to the former president, requesting to leave the club in June last year. His decision forced Bartomeu to resign, paving the way for the election that ushered in Laporta.

The fulfillment Messi derived from Argentina’s Copa America’s win is believed to have played a huge role in his agreement to a new contract. There was an array of interest from other clubs in the Argentine astro last year, with Guardiola’s Man City leading the charge.

Although Messi has expressed interest in retiring from his football career after a possible spell in United States’ MLS or a possible return to boyhood club Newell’s Old Boys, his new contract means he will continue playing for Barca until 2026 – at which point he will be 39 years of age.

Barcelona is yet to publish more details about Messi’s new contract, but rumor has it that part of it will see him working with the club after he retires.