In his address on April 27 2020, President Muhammad Buhari announced the new measures the Nigerian Government has adopted in its fight against novel coronavirus. Among them is the ease of movement in the Federal Capital Territory (FCT), Lagos and Ogun States which have been in total lockdown since March. Below is the full address.

1. Fellow Nigerians

2. I will start by commending you all for the resilience and patriotism that you have shown in our collective fight against the biggest health challenge of our generation.

3. As at yesterday, 26th April 2020, some 3 million confirmed cases of COVID-19 have been recorded globally with about 900,000 recoveries. Unfortunately, some 200,000 people have passed away as a result of this pandemic.

4. The health systems and economies of many nations continue to struggle as a result of the coronavirus pandemic.

5. Nigeria continues to adapt to these new global realities on a daily basis. Today, I will present the facts as they are and explain our plans for the coming months fully aware that some key variables and assumptions may change in the coming days or weeks.

6. Exactly two weeks ago, there were 323 confirmed cases in 20 States and the Federal Capital Territory.

7. As at this morning, Nigeria had recorded 1,273 cases across 32 States and the FCT. Unfortunately, this includes 40 deaths.

8. I am using this opportunity to express our deepest condolences to the families of all Nigerians that have lost their loved ones as a result of the COVID-19 pandemic. This is our collective loss and we share your grief.

9. Initial models predicted that Nigeria will record an estimated 2,000 confirmed cases in the first month after the index case.

10. This means that despite the increase in the number of confirmed cases recorded in the past two weeks, the measures we have put in place thus far have yielded positive outcomes against the projections.

11. The proportion of cases imported from other countries has reduced to only 19% of new cases, showing that our border closures yielded positive results. These are mostly fellow Nigerians returning through our land borders. We will continue to enforce land border arrival protocols as part of the containment strategy.

12. Today, the Nigeria Centre for Disease Control (NCDC) has accredited 15 laboratories across the country with an aggregate capacity to undertake 2,500 tests per day across the country.

13. Based on your feedback, Lagos State Government and the FCT with support from NCDC have established several sample collection centers. They are also reviewing their laboratory testing strategy to further increase the number of tests they can perform including the accreditation of selected private laboratories that meet the accreditation criteria.

14. Several new fully equipped treatment and isolation centres have been operationalised across the country thereby increasing bed capacity to about three thousand.

15. I commend the State Governors for the activation of State-level Emergency Operation Centres, establishment of new treatment centres and the delivery of aggressive risk communication strategies.

16. Over 10,000 healthcare workers have been trained. For their protection, additional personal protective equipment have been distributed to all the states.

17. Although we have experienced logistical challenges, we remain committed to establishing a solid supply chain process to ensure these heroic professionals can work safely and are properly equipped.

18. In keeping with our Government’s promise to improve the welfare of healthcare workers, we have signed a memorandum of understanding on the provision of hazard allowances and other incentives with key health sector professional associations.

19. We have also procured insurance cover for 5,000 frontline health workers. At this point, I must commend the insurance sector for their support in achieving this within a short period of time.

20. Nigeria has also continued to receive support from the international community, multilateral agencies, the private sector and public-spirited individuals. This support has ensured that critical lifesaving equipment and materials, which have become scarce globally, are available for Nigeria through original equipment manufacturers and government-to-government processes.

21. The distribution and expansion of palliatives which I directed in my earlier broadcast is still on-going in a transparent manner. I am mindful of the seeming frustration being faced by expectant citizens. I urge all potential beneficiaries to exercise patience as we continue to fine tune our logistical and distribution processes working with the State Governments.

22. Our Security Agencies continue to rise to the challenge posed by this unusual situation. While we feel deeply concerned about isolated security incidents, I want to assure all Nigerians that your safety and security remain our primary concern especially in these difficult and uncertain times.

23. As we focus on protecting lives and properties, we will not tolerate any human rights abuse by our security agencies. The few reported incidences are regrettable, and I want to assure you that the culprits will be brought to justice.

24. I urge all Nigerians to continue to cooperate and show understanding whenever they encounter security agents. Furthermore, for their protection, I have instructed that the personnel of all the security agencies be provided with the necessary personal protective equipment against infection.

25. As we continue to streamline our response in the centres of Lagos and the FCT, I am gravely concerned about the unfortunate developments in Kano in recent days. Although an in-depth investigation is still on-going, we have decided to deploy additional Federal Government manpower, material and technical resources to strengthen and support the State Government’s efforts, with immediate effect.

26. In Kano, and indeed many other States that are recording new cases, preliminary findings show that such cases are mostly from interstate travel and emerging community transmission.

27. Drawing from these, I implore all Nigerians to continue to adhere strictly to the advisories published by the Presidential Task Force and the Nigeria Centre for Disease Control.

28. These include regular hand washing, physical distancing, wearing of face masks/coverings in public, avoidance of non-essential movement and travels and avoidance of large gatherings.

29. Fellow Nigerians, for the past four weeks, most parts of our country have been under either Federal Government or State Government lockdown. As I mentioned earlier, these steps were necessary and overall, have contributed to slowing down the spread of COVID-19 in our country.

30. However, such lockdowns have also come at a very heavy economic cost. Many of our citizens have lost their means of livelihood. Many businesses have shut down. No country can afford the full impact of a sustained lockdown while awaiting the development of vaccines.

31. In my last address, I mentioned that Federal Government will develop strategies and policies that will protect lives while preserving livelihoods.

32. In these two weeks, the Federal and State Governments have jointly and collaboratively worked hard on how to balance the need to protect health while also preserving livelihoods, leveraging global best practices while keeping in mind our peculiar circumstances.

33. We assessed how our factories, markets, traders and transporters can continue to function while at the same time adhering to NCDC guidelines on hygiene and social distancing.

34. We assessed how our children can continue to learn without compromising their health.

35. We reviewed how our farmers can safely plant and harvest in this rainy season to ensure our food security is not compromised. Furthermore, we also discussed how to safely transport food items from rural production areas to industrial processing zones and ultimately, to the key consumption centres.

36. Our goal was to develop implementable policies that will ensure our economy continues to function while still maintaining our aggressive response to the COVID-19 pandemic. These same difficult decisions are being faced by leaders around the world.

37. Based on the above and in line with the recommendations of the Presidential Task Force on COVID-19, the various Federal Government committees that have reviewed socio-economic matters and the Nigeria Governors Forum, I have approved a phased and gradual easing of lockdown measures in FCT, Lagos and Ogun States effective from Monday, 4th May, 2020.

38. However, this will be followed strictly with aggressive reinforcement of testing and contact tracing measures while allowing the restoration of some economic and business activities in certain sectors.

39. Furthermore, new nationwide measures are to be introduced as follows;

a. There will be an overnight curfew from 8pm to 6am. This means all movements will be prohibited during this period except for essential services;

b. There will be a ban on non-essential inter-state passenger travel until further notice;

c.Partial and controlled interstate movement of goods and services will be allowed for the movement of goods and services from producers to consumers; and

d. We will strictly ensure the mandatory use of face masks or coverings in public in addition to maintaining physical distancing and personal hygiene. Furthermore, the restrictions on social and religious gatherings shall remain in place. State Governments, corporate organisations and philanthropists are encouraged to support the production of cloth masks for citizens.

1. For the avoidance of doubt, the lockdown in the FCT, Lagos and Ogun States shall remain in place until these new ones come into effect on Monday, 4th May 2020.

41.The Presidential Task Force shall provide sector specific details to allow for preparations by Governments, businesses and institutions.

1. In respect to the above guidelines, State Governors may choose to adapt and expand based on their unique circumstances provided they maintain alignment with the guidelines issued above.

2. To support our businesses and traders, the monetary and fiscal authorities shall deploy all the necessary provisions needed for production to continue and thus, jobs restored.

44.These revised guidelines will not apply to Kano State.

1. With regards to Kano, I have directed the enforcement of a total lockdown for a period of two weeks effective immediately. The Federal Government shall deploy all the necessary human, material and technical resources to support the State in controlling and containing the pandemic and preventing the risk of further spread to neighbouring States.

2. I wish to once again, commend the frontline workers across the country who, on a daily basis, risk everything to ensure we win this fight. For those who got infected in the line of duty, rest assured that Government will do all it takes to support you and your families during this exceedingly difficult period. I will also take this opportunity to assure you all that your safety, wellbeing and welfare remain paramount to our Government.

3. I will also recognise the support we have received from our traditional rulers, the Christian Association of Nigeria, the Nigerian Supreme Council for Islamic Affairs and other prominent religious and community leaders. Your cooperation and support have significantly contributed to the successes we have recorded to date.

4. I will urge you all to please continue to create awareness on the seriousness of the coronavirus among your worshippers and communities while appealing that they strictly comply with public health advisories.

5. I also thank the Nigeria Governors’ Forum and the Presidential Task Force for all their hard work to date. Through this collaboration, I remain confident that success is achievable.

6. I also wish to thank corporate organisations, philanthropists, the UN system, the European Union, friendly nations, the media and other partners that have taken up the responsibility of supporting our response.

7. And finally, I will thank all Nigerians again for your patience and cooperation during this difficult and challenging period. I assure you that government shall continue to take all necessary measures to protect the lives and livelihoods of our citizens and residents.

8. I thank you for listening and may God bless the Federal Republic of Nigeria

As coronavirus induced lockdown takes effect in many states in Nigeria, Electricity Distribution Companies (DisCos) are reporting 60% loss in revenue due to the economic impact of the lockdown on households.

Everyone is cutting down on expenses, prioritizing survival as people’s means of livelihood have been halted by the lockdown.

The DisCos that used to rake in millions through estimated billing said it has become difficult for many to pay due to the crisis. The situation has resulted in 60% loss of revenue for the distribution companies since the majority of Nigerian households are not metered. Data from the Nigerian Electricity Regulatory Commission (NERC) shows that only 3,895,497, representing 40.26% out of 9,674,729 registered electricity consumers use meters.

NERC attributed the unwillingness of customers to pay to estimated billing, which is believed to be more of extortion.

“Thus, 59.74% of the registered electricity customers are still on estimated billing which has contributed to customer apathy towards payment for electricity,” NERC said.

The Ikeja Electric Distribution Company (IKEDC), had in March, as a gesture of goodwill, promised not to disconnect customers during the first phase of the 14-days lockdown. This has made it difficult for the company to disconnect as usual, households who failed to pay their bills.

The DisCos had earlier got into negotiation with the Federal Government to provide free electricity for Nigerians in the face of the lockdown in order to cushion the effects. But the parties failed to reach a deal as the Discos demanded N200 billion from the FG as payment for the electricity supply during the period of the lockdown, but the government distanced itself from the demand.

Metering has been a bone of contention in the Nigerian electricity sector for long, a situation that has existed to the gain of the DisCos as many households are placed on estimated billing. The MAP initiative was introduced in March 2018, to solve the continuous problem between consumers and DisCos over billing but it has failed to live up to expectation.

In February, the NERC rolled a new regime of billing for the DisCos, putting a cap on estimated billing. In a document titled: Order on the Capping of Estimated Bills in the Nigerian Electricity Supply Industry (NESI), signed by James Momoh the NERC Chairman, and Dafe Akpeneye, its Legal, Licensing and Compliance Commissioner, the Regulator said there is a limit to how much the distributors could charge, especially residential areas.

According to the document: “A consumer of XYZ Disco resident in White Acre under R2 (single phase) tariff class has an energy cap of 78 kilowat/hour per month and a tariff of N42 per kilowatt/hour. The maximum that XYZ Disco can invoice such a customer is 78kW/hr x N24/kWhr =N1,872 per month.”

The document added that customers should not be compelled to pay estimated bills if DisCos do not provide prepaid meters.

“The customer shall remain connected to supply without further payment to the DisCos until a meter is installed on the premises under the framework of MAP Regulations or any other financing arrangement approved by the commission,” it said.

Unfortunately, this new regime failed to take effect as DisCos continued with their old pattern. Consumers were forced through disconnection to pay high rates of estimated bills because the marketers count on them to meet up with outrageous targets.

Recent development has however, turned the table around, and the hunter has become the hunted.

DisCos across Nigeria are lamenting about their losses as the priority of consumers have changed from bills to survival. Moreover, many businesses have been shut down following the lockdown order, and the distribution companies complain that the volume of energy supply remains the same.

It is believed that the metering plan (MAP) that was introduced last year has been sabotaged so that DisCos will continue to issue outrageous bills to unmetered customers.

The MAP programme allows third-party investors to provide meters at costs segmented according to the capacity of the meters, and thereafter, get paid through customers’ retail payment for electricity. The process has been abused so that consumers who applied for the meters hardly get them unless they pay twice the original cost.

One of the reasons for the scarcity and high cost of meters has been attributed to the upward review of import levy on electricity meters from 10% to 45%, by the Ministry of Finance. The implementation went into effect immediately resulting in abandonment of thousands of meters at the ports.

COVID-19 has turned the tide with a huge implication for the electricity distributors, limiting their earnings to 40%. And the DisCos are expected to lose more in revenue generation if the lockdown is extended beyond the two weeks.