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New Book – We Accepted 29 Chapters From 56 Authors Spread Across 15 Countries

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Our new book with UK professor is making great progress. We accepted  29 chapters from 15 countries and 56 individuals.


This project will assemble an edited collection of chapters on disruptive technologies, innovation, and the overall global redesign. The main objective of the book is to provide comprehensive evidence of research, case studies, practical and theoretical papers on the issues surrounding disruptive technologies, innovation, global redesign and their implications. The book will serve as a valuable resource on emerging and disruptive technologies, innovation and general global redesign.

 

The brief breakdown of the contributors (locations of single or joint authors) is as follows:

 

We got  5 papers from UK, 2 from Canada.  USA was the largest at 11. Georgia Republic gave us 2 while The Netherlands provided 3. India provided 1 with China giving us 2. Nigeria did well at 6 as Taiwan represented itself with 1. Italy brought 2 and Bangladesh 1. Morocco, South Africa, Mauritius, and Austria completed the list.

 

 

The Electronics Industry In 2011 – Where We Stand And What Challenges Lie Ahead

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We received this piece in an email and gladly share with you, courtesy of IC Insights. It has been adapted for relevance. The key summary is that the integrated circuit industry is under tug-of-war and is being pulled in numerous fronts. The result: Crosscurrents, conflicting signals, mixed-messages lead to high anxiety and uncertainty.

  • Worldwide GDP hit a “soft patch” in 2Q11, dropping to 3.1% growth from 4.6% growth in 2Q10.  However, second half 2011 growth is poised to be much stronger. 
  • Apple registered stellar financial results in 2Q11 but guided its 3Q11 sales to be down by 12% sequentially. 
  • The automotive analog IC market is currently very strong but automotive MCU sales are expected to be weak through 3Q11.  
  • IC industry capacity is on pace to increase 8% this year.
  • In 2011, China will become the largest market in the world for PCs, cellphones, digital TVs, and automobiles. 
  • After growing by 56% in 2010, smartphone unit shipments are forecast to grow by 60% in 2011. 
  • Semiconductor industry capital spending reached a record high in 1Q11.  However, 2Q11 spending and orders weakened. 
  • Nokia, the largest cellphone producer in the world, initiated a huge inventory purge in 2Q11.  Its cellphone unit shipments dropped by 20 million in 2Q11 as compared to 1Q11, spurred by a 21% decline in sales to Europe and a massive 53% decline in sales to China! 
  • Corporate PC sales are in the midst of a strong refresh cycle that is expected to continue through 2012.  Consumer PC sales are a different story.  
  • DRAM average selling prices (ASPs) rose throughout the first half of 2011, while NAND flash ASPs were flat.  
  • Total 2Q11 cellphone unit shipments were down 2% from 1Q11.  In contrast, during the 2007-2010 timeperiod, 2Q/1Q cellphone unit shipment growth averaged 7%.  
  • Tablet PC sales are on pace for at least 50 million unit shipments this year (up from 17 million in 2010).  However, tablet PCs are currently causing an inventory problem for the IC industry. 

The Groupon Magic – How Black Is That?

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What is Groupon? It is the fastest growing company of all time, on this planet. It is one company everyone predicts will collapse because its business model is easy to copy. It is that company that has no special IP except that it has armies of staff that go into all neighborhoods looking for deals with merchants.

 

Groupon  is a deal-of-the-day website that features discounted gift certificates usable at local or national companies. Groupon was launched on November 2008, the first market for Groupon was Chicago, followed soon thereafter by Boston, New York City, and Toronto. As of October 2010, Groupon serves more than 150 markets in North America and 100 markets in Europe, Asia and South America and has amassed 35 million registered users.

 

Yet, it continues to rise and rise as the world wishes it crashes to justify why this company is not great.

 

One fact is this: Groupon enjoys the blessing of being the first that entered into this business. They have made more lessons than others and have understood the business better than others.

 

Yet, do not be buoyed. All is not well with Groupon. They are burning cash at a very fast pace than I have never experienced before. To cover more space, they have to pay more salesmen to go into streets and cities. That is the problem in Groupon. You make money but you spend a lot on marketing.

 

Expect Groupon to be under high cost pressure which will cripple their operations and then this group buying will be commoditized.  Nonetheless, the network effects upon which size matters could still make Groupon win.

 

African Entrepreneurs Should Stop Reading TechCrunch – It Offers Marginal Benefits

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Today, we confess that we enjoy TechCrunch for months. But after a while, we sat down and asked ourselves one question: what values have we gotten from TechCrunch? TC is addictive (oh yes) but it is not a tech blog for a typical African entrepreneur. The more you read it from Nairobi, Lagos, Accra, the more upset you are with your environment.

 

There are many things that go bad when you read that great blog – your country sucks! While you cannot find someone to give you $3,000 to start a company, someone is getting $30m bucks to start a gossip site. You begin to wonder, is that American dollar or Zimbabwean? We can assure you that it was indeed US dollar and will always be American dollar. The same world, the same planet but different country.

 

But that is not the reason we do not visit TC anymore – it simply does not add any flavor to what we do. You read all those stories that have no immediate application to Nigeria or West Africa. Who cares what some of those companies are doing when the environments are not similar to what you have in Lagos. Of course, we do subscribe to the feeds and print some lessons on entrepreneurship. Those lessons from founders are really good. We focus on those than the bloated companies.

 

Yes, you waste all your time pounding hopeful news about Silicon Valley and none of those ideas make sense in your nation. Instead of figuring out how to  make farmers receive better information about farming, you are planning on how to take on Facebook. Are you a boxer? The other day, one Nigerian startup that does web hosting vowed to take on Godaddy! Haba, for what? Do you know the war chest they have? Is that the best thing that can happen in Nigeria?

 

Over the years, TC elevated us to come up with many imaginations and ideas. But those were pretty lame dreams with zero chance of success in Nigeria. You get cornered thinking that you can replicate what they did in Silicon Valley in Nigeria. You get fooled that a man who organizes events got $120m to make his website better. You read that some college dropouts got $37m to make an app for photo sharing. You get all these news  that you think your time will come. Those are dreams. The best you can get in Nigeria is borrowing $1,000 from your in-law or friends which you must give account every week on how the business is going. If you do not, they will ask for refunds. If you refuse, fights don start ohh! Of course, no contract, no formality; the uncertainty is increased.

 

So here, we decided to try something. We compiled some nice African blogs that focus on explaining how Africans are solving local problems. We bookmarked Indian tech blogs.  We did the same in Pakistan. We read same in most developing world and simply avoid Western blogs. When we visit, we are not looking at the products and companies, we are looking at technology patterns and stories about managing and running startups. All those raised, acquired, we ignore them.

 

We took those ideas in our parent company and we changed our pricing model, our business strategy and how we present our products. We offered better customizations. Today, we know what the local markets want and not what they are doing in New York or London or Tokyo. And business has picked really up. From Imo State government to even foreign companies that want to tap into Africa, they simply understand now that we have a local solution. Our proposals do not pretend to match the boys from Silicon Valley, we do it to appeal to our local market.

 

As our local Idumota traders do not have the taste of a New Yorker, we have no pressure to create products, at unaffordable cost, to meet the spec the New Yorker will want. So, we make things in-line with reality and understand that we have to be nimble and agile to succeed. While they pool the millions from Wall Street, we just have to manage the little we have. And the Ovim tablet is a testimony. The next one on sale from Friday will retail at about $200. It has phone features and it is a solid Android tablet. If you read TC, you may be tempted to take on Galaxy tab. But who can afford that in Awka? Opopo?Calabar? We think we sell more tabs than most companies because we have something that is affordable. We do not dream! We do business.

 

So, make a decision. Cut off the time you spend reading about Twitter, Facebook, Zynga, Spotify and how you will clone something better than them. Rather, use that time to visit all the websites of Mobile Monday in Africa. Visit the Momo Nairobi, J’Burg, Kampala, Nigeria, etc. You will get insights that will help you start a small business with $2,000 than reading where people spread money as it is not money.

 

Do not interpret this literally, we hope you get the idea. No matter how hard you try, you cannot be better than Twitter or Zynga, but you can learn while mFarm Kenya can work in your village. If those farmers subscribe, MTN can sign your firm in their VAS network.

 

But you can sneak into TC once in a while – they inspire us a lot.

General Key Challenges In Developing Embedded Systems

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There are two classes of challenges in developing embedded systems. We have explained them under two categories below: the rapid changing challenges and non-rapid or slowly changing ones.

 

  • Slowly changing and non changing challenges

Some challenges involved in the design of embedded systems have not really changed in the last couple of decades. The drive for robust products with increased performance at reduced cost, size and weight, for instance, will continue as long as developments in the underlying technologies will permit (Christoffer, 2006; Philip, 1996). Low price translates to reduced resources such as processor speed and memory size which in turn constrains software development and execution. Often embedded devices are very sensitive to cost. A variation of even a few cents per device can be significant due to the huge multiplier of production quantity combined with the higher percentage of total system cost it represents.

 

  • Rapid changing challenges

Other challenges involved in embedded system design are changing rapidly. Three areas should be given particular attention : complexity, connectivity and usability.

 

(a)    Complexity

While the steadily increasing transistor density and speeds of integrated circuits offer tremendous opportunities, these improvements also present developers (individuals, teams, organizations) with a huge challenge: how to handle the added complexity? A modern embedded system can consist of hundreds of thousand lines of software code. More and more products now include complex embedded systems and the development organizations must evolve with the products and their technologies. It is necessary to establish suitable development processes, methods and tools. Developing product platforms also ensures re-use of technology and increased efficiency.

 

(b)   Connectivity

Before the widespread deployment of digital communication, most embedded systems operated in a stand-alone mode. They may have had some capabilities for remote supervision and control, but, by and large, most functions were performed autonomously. This is changing rapidly. Embedded systems are now often part of sophisticated distributed networks. Simple sensors with basic transmitter electronics have been replaced by complex, intelligent field devices. As a consequence, individual products can no longer be designed in isolation. They must have common components. Communication has gone from being a small part of a system to being a significant function. Where serial peer-to-peer communication was once the only way to connect a device to a control system, field buses are now able to integrate large numbers of complex devices. The need to connect different applications within a system to information and services in field devices drives the introduction of standard ICT technologies like Ethernet and web-services.

 

(c)    Usability

Complex field devices are often programmable or configurable. Today’s pressure transmitters can contain several hundred parameters. The interaction with a device either from a built-in panel or from a software application in the system has become more complex. The task of hiding this complexity from the user through the creation of a user-friendly device has sometimes been underestimated. Most other requirements are easily quantifiable or absolute, but “usability” is somewhat harder to define. Yet an embedded system that is intuitive and simple to operate will reduce the cost of commissioning and maintenance. It will reduce errors and be a key factor in the overall customer satisfaction. That is why usability must be given a high priority in the design and development of products, from the conceptual stage, right through to the final testing.