Tether, the most widely used stablecoin in the crypto market, has been under scrutiny for its lack of transparency and its alleged role in manipulating the price of Bitcoin. Tether was launched in 2014 by a company called Tether Limited, which is closely affiliated with Bitfinex, one of the largest crypto exchanges in the world. However, despite the controversies and the legal challenges, Tether still maintains its dominance and its peg to the US dollar.
Tether is a cryptocurrency that is backed by an equivalent amount of fiat currency, such as the US dollar, the euro, or the yen. Tether claims that for every unit of Tether issued, there is a corresponding unit of fiat currency held in reserve by Tether Limited, the company behind the stablecoin. This means that Tether should always be redeemable for its face value, regardless of the fluctuations in the crypto market.
Tether operates on several blockchains, such as Bitcoin, Ethereum, Tron, and Solana, and can be transferred between them using a service called Tether Bridge. Tether can also be exchanged for other cryptocurrencies on various platforms, such as exchanges, wallets, and decentralized applications. Tether is often used as a medium of exchange, a store of value, and a hedge against volatility in the crypto market.
Tekedia Mini-MBA edition 14 (June 3 – Sept 2, 2024) begins registrations; get massive discounts with early registration here.
Tekedia AI in Business Masterclass opens registrations here.
Join Tekedia Capital Syndicate and invest in Africa’s finest startups here.
Tether’s solvency depends on two factors: its reserves and its demand. Tether’s reserves are the assets that back up the value of Tether. According to Tether’s website, these assets include cash, cash equivalents, short-term deposits, commercial paper, secured loans, corporate bonds, precious metals, and other cryptocurrencies. However, Tether does not provide a detailed breakdown of its reserves or a regular audit by an independent third party. This has raised doubts about whether Tether actually enough assets has to back up all the Tethers in circulation.
Tether’s demand is the amount of Tether that people want to hold or use. As long as there is enough demand for Tether, Tether can maintain its peg to the US dollar by issuing or redeeming Tethers as needed. For example, if there is more demand for Tether than supply, Tether can issue more Tethers and sell them for fiat currency or other assets to increase its reserves. Conversely, if there is less demand for Tether than supply, Tether can redeem some Tethers and buy back fiat currency or other assets to decrease its reserves.
However, if there is a sudden loss of confidence in Tether or a regulatory crackdown on Tether, there could be a run-on Tether, where people try to sell their Tethers for fiat currency or other cryptocurrencies. This could cause a liquidity crisis for Tether, where it does not have enough reserves to meet all the redemption requests. This could lead to a loss of peg or a collapse of Tether.
Using Tether involves both risks and benefits. Some of the risks are:
Lack of transparency: As mentioned above, Tether does not provide a clear and verifiable account of its reserves or its operations. This makes it hard to assess its solvency and trustworthiness.
Legal uncertainty: Tether is subject to various legal and regulatory challenges around the world. For example, in February 2021, Tether reached a settlement with the New York Attorney General’s office over allegations that it misrepresented its reserves and concealed losses from customers. As part of the settlement, Tether agreed to pay $18.5 million in fines and to provide quarterly reports on its reserves. However, other jurisdictions may impose different or stricter rules on Tether or ban it altogether.
Technical issues: As with any cryptocurrency, using Tether involves relying on technology that may malfunction or be hacked. For example, in November 2017, a hacker stole $31 million worth of Tethers from a wallet belonging to Tether Limited. Although the hacker was unable to redeem the stolen funds due to a freeze imposed by Tether Limited, this incident exposed the vulnerability of Tethers to theft or manipulation.
Some of the benefits are:
Stability: As long as Tether maintains its peg to the US dollar, it offers a stable and predictable value that can be used for transactions or savings in the crypto market.
Liquidity: As one of the most widely used cryptocurrencies, with a market capitalization of over $70 billion as of September 2023, Tether offers high liquidity and low transaction costs compared to other cryptocurrencies or fiat currencies.
Interoperability: As mentioned above, Tether operates on multiple blockchains and can be transferred between them using a service called Tether Bridge. This allows users to access different platforms and services in the crypto ecosystem without having to convert their funds into different currencies.
Tether’s popularity and influence are undeniable. According to CoinMarketCap, Tether is the third-largest cryptocurrency by market capitalization, with over $70 billion worth of USDT in circulation. Tether also accounts for more than half of the total trading volume of all cryptocurrencies, surpassing even Bitcoin. Tether’s dominance is especially evident in Asia, where many traders prefer to use USDT instead of fiat currencies or other cryptocurrencies.
Tether is a controversial but influential stablecoin that has a significant impact on the crypto market. Despite the lack of transparency and the legal uncertainty, Tether still shows strength of solvency and maintains its peg to the US dollar. However, using Tether also involves risks that users should be aware of and prepared for. Ultimately, the future of Tether depends on its ability to prove its legitimacy and reliability to its users and regulators.