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Crypto Platforms Lose $3.6 Billion to Hacks Despite Widespread Security Audits

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Cryptocurrency platforms lost more than $3.63 billion to cyberattacks and stolen credentials between January 2025 and July 2026, with security audits failing to prevent many of the largest losses, according to a CoinGecko report.

The crypto market data provider said about 88% of the stolen funds came from platforms that had completed independent security audits. Roughly 60% of the affected platforms had also undergone such audits.

The findings raise questions about the effectiveness of relying on conventional security audits as a primary defense against attacks in an industry where control over private keys, administrative credentials and transaction-signing systems can determine whether billions of dollars remain secure.

CoinGecko said many of the attacks exploited areas that standard security checks do not typically cover.

An audit generally assesses a defined set of systems, controls or code at a particular point in time. It does not necessarily demonstrate that an exchange or decentralized protocol can withstand sophisticated social engineering, compromised credentials, insider threats, supply-chain attacks, or the theft of cryptographic keys used to authorize transactions.

The scale of the losses illustrates the consequences.

Bybit suffered the largest reported loss, with about $1.4 billion stolen in a February 2025 attack. Blockchain intelligence firm Elliptic attributed the theft to North Korea.

KelpDAO was the second-most affected platform, with losses of about $292 million, followed by Drift Protocol at $285 million, according to CoinGecko.

The concentration of losses among a relatively small number of major incidents also reveals the asymmetric nature of cryptocurrency security. A platform can maintain extensive security controls for years and still face a single successful compromise capable of producing losses far larger than the cost of routine security testing.

The problem is particularly acute in systems where large amounts of assets can be moved rapidly once an attacker gains access to the mechanisms that authorize transactions.

The CoinGecko findings therefore point to a broader shift in how crypto security may need to be evaluated. Code reviews and independent audits remain necessary, particularly for decentralized protocols, but they address only part of the threats.

Operational security equally matters. Protecting signing keys, restricting administrative privileges, separating transaction approval from transaction execution, monitoring unusual transfers, and maintaining robust incident-response procedures can determine whether a compromised account becomes a limited security event or a nine-figure loss.

The findings also expose a potential weakness in how security is communicated to investors and users. The presence of an independent audit can create an impression of comprehensive protection even when the audit covers only specific components or vulnerabilities.

For crypto platforms holding or controlling large pools of customer assets, that gap has financial and reputational consequences. A successful exploit can drain funds directly, trigger withdrawals, disrupt trading and undermine confidence in the platform’s broader security architecture.

The industry is also facing increasingly sophisticated attackers. State-linked groups, organized cybercriminals and highly specialized hackers have strong financial incentives to target cryptocurrency because transactions can move large sums across borders without the same intermediaries used in traditional finance.

The $3.63 billion in reported losses through July 2026 is seen as an indication that security spending is not necessarily translating into proportionate protection. The fact that audited platforms accounted for the majority of stolen funds does not mean audits caused the breaches, but it does show that passing an audit should not be treated as evidence that a platform is immune to major attacks.

The situation has sustained a question for crypto investors and institutions: do platforms have layered defenses that remain effective after an attacker bypasses its formal controls?

As the value locked in exchanges, decentralized finance protocols, and other digital-asset infrastructure continues to grow, security is becoming less a matter of passing a technical inspection and more a question of whether platforms can continuously protect the mechanisms that ultimately control billions of dollars.

Gold Slips as Oil-Driven Inflation Risks Lift Fed Rate-Hike Bets Ahead of U.S. Data

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Gold prices edged lower on Tuesday as a jump in oil prices revived concerns about inflation, while stronger-than-expected U.S. labor-market data continued to push investors toward a more cautious view of Federal Reserve policy.

A weaker dollar and heightened geopolitical tensions helped limit bullion’s decline ahead of key U.S. inflation reports later this week.

Spot gold was down 0.1% at $4,399.99 an ounce by 1024 GMT, after rising as high as $4,442.70 earlier in the session. U.S. gold futures for December delivery fell 0.7% to $4,444.50.

“Gold trades cautiously today, caught between Fed rate hike bets and dollar softness. Higher oil prices stoke inflation risks and expectations for Fed rate hikes, putting the precious metal under pressure,” said Nikos Tzabouras, a senior market analyst at Jefferies-owned Tradu.com.

The market is being pulled in opposite directions. A weaker dollar supports gold by making the metal less expensive for buyers using other currencies, while geopolitical uncertainty encourages demand for traditional safe-haven assets. But those supports are being offset by rising oil prices and shifting expectations for U.S. interest rates.

Oil prices climbed to multi-week highs after Yemen’s Tehran-backed Houthis attacked energy facilities and cities in U.S. ally Saudi Arabia, adding a fresh geopolitical premium to crude. Higher energy prices can feed directly into headline inflation and raise costs for transportation, manufacturing and other businesses, increasing the risk that price pressures remain elevated for longer.

That prospect could make the Federal Reserve more reluctant to cut rates or could even revive expectations for tighter policy. Gold does not pay interest, so its appeal typically weakens when bond yields and policy rates rise, increasing the opportunity cost of holding bullion.

The pressure on gold has intensified since Friday, when the metal fell as much as 2.4% in its sharpest one-day decline in recent weeks. The sell-off followed U.S. employment data showing that job growth accelerated sharply in August, while the unemployment rate held at 4.1%. The figures suggested that the economy may be strong enough to withstand higher borrowing costs and reduced expectations for near-term monetary easing.

Markets are now pricing in about a 60% chance of a Federal Reserve interest-rate hike at its next policy meeting, according to the CME FedWatch Tool, up from roughly 50% before the employment report. The repricing has also increased the sensitivity of gold to Treasury yields and incoming economic data.

Investors will receive the U.S. producer price index on Thursday and the consumer price index on Friday. The reports will be scrutinized for signs that higher energy costs are spreading into broader inflation measures. Core inflation readings, which exclude volatile food and energy prices, may be required because they could show whether price pressures are becoming entrenched rather than remaining limited to fuel markets.

A hotter-than-expected report could push Treasury yields higher, strengthen the dollar and further reduce expectations for monetary easing, creating additional headwinds for gold. Softer inflation data could have the opposite effect by reviving expectations for a more accommodative Fed and supporting bullion.

“The precious metal may struggle for firm direction from any inconclusive prints, given fluid market pricing and a Fed that lacks conviction,” Tzabouras said.

The dollar index weakened on Tuesday, providing some support to gold and helping cushion the impact of higher rate expectations. Geopolitical tensions may also continue to underpin demand for bullion, especially if the conflict involving energy infrastructure raises concerns about supply disruptions or broader regional escalation.

Still, the market’s focus has shifted from gold’s safe-haven appeal to the interaction between oil, inflation and monetary policy. Analysts note that if crude prices continue rising while U.S. economic data remains resilient, investors may demand higher yields to compensate for inflation risk, weighing on gold. Conversely, evidence that inflation is cooling despite higher energy costs could allow bullion to regain momentum.

The broader precious-metals complex was mixed. Spot silver slipped 0.1% to $66.08 an ounce, while platinum rose 0.6% to $1,836.72. Palladium fell 0.4% to $1,387.43.

Currently, gold remains caught between a weaker dollar and geopolitical demand on one side, and higher oil prices, firmer rate expectations and resilient U.S. growth on the other. This week’s inflation data is expected to determine which force dominates and whether bullion resumes its advance or faces renewed pressure from rising yields and a less accommodative Federal Reserve.

Enjoy the Graduation Ceremony of Tekedia Institute Mini-MBA

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If you are travelling to attend the graduation ceremony of Tekedia Institute Mini-MBA, I wish you a safe and pleasant journey.

For the 20th time, Tekedia Institute has advanced the understanding and mastery of entrepreneurial capitalism and the broad mechanics of markets. Nations rise when great entrepreneurs and visionary leaders emerge.

Congratulations to all our graduands, and happy graduation! I hope you enjoy the wonderful souvenirs thoughtfully prepared by our Programme Manager, Eyitayo Adeleke.

The 21st edition of Tekedia Institute Mini-MBA begins on Monday. Join us to experience the physics of business and master how category-defining companies are built by understanding the foundational constructs shaping local and global economies.

This is the temple where builders are prepared. Register for Tekedia Mini-MBA here: https://school.tekedia.com/course/mmba21/

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Mistral Raises €3 billion at €21 billion Valuation as Samsung Backs European AI Rival

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French AI startup’s valuation tops €21 billion as it expands computing infrastructure, develops larger models and positions itself as a European alternative to OpenAI and Anthropic.

French artificial intelligence startup Mistral said Tuesday it has raised €3 billion ($3.5 billion) in fresh funding led by South Korean memory-chip giant Samsung, giving the company a post-money valuation of more than €21 billion as it seeks to establish itself as a leading European alternative to U.S. AI giants OpenAI and Anthropic.

The funding round also includes the Scaleup Europe Fund, a European Union-backed investment vehicle managed by EQT, and existing investor PSG Equity.

The new valuation represents a sharp increase from the €11.7 billion valuation Mistral secured about a year ago in a funding round led by Dutch semiconductor equipment maker ASML. The capital will allow Mistral to accelerate investments in computing infrastructure, including its own data centers, while continuing to rent computing capacity as it scales its model training operations.

Arthur Mensch, Mistral’s chief executive, said the company ultimately wants to rely increasingly on computing infrastructure that it owns.

“Long term, the plan is to fully rely on capacity that we are building ourselves,” Mensch told CNBC. “The amount of compute that we own is going to grow … around 100% in the next five years.”

Mensch said the company would use the additional capacity to train “bigger and faster models,” underscoring the enormous infrastructure requirements facing AI companies as they compete to develop capable systems.

Founded and headquartered in Paris, Mistral has pursued a strategy that differs from the closed, proprietary model approach associated with OpenAI and Anthropic. The company has emphasized open-weight AI models while working directly with businesses to develop customized AI applications that can be integrated into their operations.

That enterprise strategy has already produced a partnership with ASML, where Mistral’s technology is being integrated into manufacturing processes. Mensch said the company intends to pursue a similar relationship with Samsung, potentially extending its AI technology deeper into industrial and semiconductor operations.

The fresh capital also comes as Mistral attempts to convert its growing technological footprint into substantial recurring revenue. Mensch said earlier this year that he expected the company’s annual recurring revenue to exceed $1 billion in 2026.

Asked whether the latest fundraising and partnerships would alter that outlook, Mensch said Mistral expected “to be beating” the $1 billion target if current trends continue, although he declined to provide a revised figure.

“We’re very confident that the fundraising we are doing today is also accelerating and enabling further growth down the line in 2027,” Mensch said.

Mistral’s Sovereign AI Pitch

The fundraising strengthens Mistral’s position at the center of Europe’s push to develop its own AI capabilities rather than relying predominantly on U.S. or Chinese technology companies.

Mistral has increasingly marketed itself as a non-U.S. and non-Chinese option for companies seeking greater control over their AI infrastructure, data and technology supply chains. The approach taps into growing interest in “sovereign AI” across Europe, where governments and businesses are seeking alternatives to dependence on foreign technology providers.

The Scaleup Europe Fund’s investors include the European Commission as well as major corporations including Novo Holdings and Santander, giving the latest investment a broader institutional dimension beyond conventional venture-capital backing.

Mistral’s open-weight approach is also intended to differentiate it from closed systems operated by OpenAI and Anthropic. But the company faces intense competition from Chinese AI developers, whose models have rapidly narrowed the performance gap with leading Western systems.

Mensch said Mistral’s models expected to be released “very soon” would be “very competitive.”

He argued that Chinese AI companies have so far had a more limited presence with enterprise customers outside China, giving Mistral an opportunity to position itself as a more dependable long-term partner for European businesses.

Mistral can also allow some Chinese AI models to run on its infrastructure, the company said, while keeping customer data within Mistral’s environment. The company says that this arrangement limits direct dependence on Chinese AI laboratories.

For European businesses, however, the issue extends beyond model performance. Mensch said companies need confidence that the AI systems they adopt today will continue to receive support and upgrades in the future, while geopolitical tensions could potentially introduce export restrictions or other disruptions affecting access to foreign models.

“At this point in time, we are seeing that the volatility in this space is actually quite extreme,” Mensch said.

That volatility is strengthening Mistral’s case for developing and controlling its own models, he added.

“Now we also need to be a trusted partner for our customers,” Mensch said. Customers want assurance that “in one year from now they will get access to better models than they have access to today.”

“The only way we can provide that guarantee is by continuing to train our models ourselves,” he said.

The strategy, however, comes with high costs. Building data centers and securing large amounts of computing capacity requires billions of dollars of capital at a time when AI companies are engaged in an infrastructure race involving advanced chips, energy, and data-center capacity.

IPOs Will Move On-Chain – Binance Founder CZ Makes Bold Statement

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Changpeng Zhao (CZ), founder of Binance, has made a bold prediction about the future of capital markets, arguing that initial public offerings (IPOs) will eventually move on-chain as blockchain technology reshapes how financial assets are issued, traded, and settled.

In a statement on X, he wrote,

“IPOs will move on-chain.”

His comments highlight a broader shift toward tokenized securities, where blockchain could make traditional fundraising and public-market participation faster, more transparent, and accessible to a global pool of investors.

While short on details or timelines, the prediction captures a broader shift already underway in finance the gradual migration of public capital raising and equity trading onto blockchain networks.

An initial public offering has long been a highly intermediated process involving investment banks, underwriters, lawyers, auditors, and traditional exchanges.

Moving IPOs on-chain would mean issuing shares as digital tokens from the start, enabling direct distribution, ownership tracking, and trading on blockchain infrastructure.

Potential advantages include 24/7 markets without opening or closing bells, native fractional ownership that lowers barriers for retail investors, faster settlement, greater transparency through immutable records, and reduced costs by cutting out some middlemen.

Global retail participation could begin on day one rather than being limited largely to institutions in the early stages of a traditional listing.

The infrastructure supporting this vision is no longer purely theoretical. Tokenized stocks currently represent roughly $2.9 billion in on-chain value according to data from RWA.xyz, a figure that has risen about 14% in the past month.

Platforms such as Binance’s bStocks have seen substantial trading activity, with cumulative volumes reported in the tens of billions in recent months.

In Europe, France’s ST Group completed a fully tokenized IPO in April 2026 through the Lightning Stock Exchange (Lise), raising €2.07 million under the EU’s Distributed Ledger Technology Pilot Regime.

The offering involved 113,525 newly issued ordinary shares, with the shares represented as tokenized securities recorded on distributed-ledger infrastructure. Investors subscribed for approximately €2.0718 million worth of shares, equivalent to 79.42% of the initially targeted capital increase.

This is widely cited as one of the first real-world examples of an on-chain public offering. Regulatory developments are also advancing. The U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission has indicated that tokenizing securities does not remove core requirements around registration, disclosure, and investor protection.

Recent proposals address transfer-agent rules to better accommodate blockchain-based ownership records and share transfers. Major exchanges including Nasdaq and the New York Stock Exchange have established frameworks or pilots allowing eligible tokenized securities to trade alongside conventional ones.

Firms such as Securitize (which partners with institutions like BlackRock) and others are building the operational plumbing for on-chain issuance and custody while remaining within existing securities laws.

Investor demand for earlier and broader access is another driving force. Pre-IPO and tokenized equity products have attracted notable volume, particularly from emerging markets, reflecting frustration with traditional processes that often limit retail participation until after the opening bell.

On-chain structures could address this by offering continuous liquidity and easier fractional entry. However, challenges remain significant. Not every tokenized stock product grants true legal ownership or the same rights as traditional shares—structures vary widely and some are more synthetic.

Liquidity for newer on-chain listings may lag behind established exchanges, at least initially. Regulatory clarity continues to evolve across jurisdictions, and questions around custody, compliance, voting rights, and investor protections must be resolved at scale.

Tokenized equities still represent a tiny fraction of the overall stock market, which is measured in the tens of trillions of dollars. CZ’s comment is best read as a directional forecast rather than a product announcement or specific timeline.

It arrives at a moment when the building blocks tokenized equity markets, regulatory pilots, institutional partnerships, and real issuance examples are already in place and expanding.

Whether full-scale on-chain IPOs become the dominant model or simply an important alternative will depend on how effectively the industry and regulators address the remaining legal, operational, and liquidity hurdles.

For now, the trajectory is clear, public markets are increasingly experimenting with blockchain rails, and CZ’s prediction reflects that momentum.