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Cardano (ADA) vs Filecoin (FIL) – Which Crypto Is Better, Orbeon Protocol (ORBN) Gains Ground

By
TI Partners
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0

Locating a promising crypto project in the current market can be difficult, with many coins lacking the real-world utility and growth potential that could help the value soar. However, analysts believe they have found the right one – Orbeon Protocol (ORBN), a project in Stage 9 of its public presale that could disrupt an entire industry initial value $0.004 is already up 1988% standing at $0.0835. But what will happen to this presale sensation when we compare it to coins such as Cardano (ADA) and Filecoin (FIL)? Let’s find out!

>>BUY ORBEON TOKENS HERE<<

The Orbeon Protocol (ORBN)

The Orbeon Protocol (ORBN) aims to shake the venture capital industry to its core by creating something never before done! A blockchain-based investment platform enabling investors of all income levels to purchase fractionalized NFTs secured by equity into Tier 1 startups.

Orbeon Protocol (ORBN) will find projects with excellent growth potential, mint an NFT representing a financing round for the company and then sell them partially to a large pool of investors for prices as low as $1.

Since the platform will be blockchain-based, its trustless and decentralized nature will significantly improve the environment for investors and startups.

Companies may enter the Web3 space as they reach a new audience they may not have been able to in the past, all while completing their financing rounds at a faster rate! There will also be an Orbeon Wallet, Swap, and Exchange, all powered by the ORBN token – currently priced at $0.0835. And since it has already jumped by 1988% from its starting price of $0.004, more price hikes are expected, with a $0.24 valuation predicted for it by the time the presale ends.

Get in on the presale now and enjoy a 50% deposit bonus on a top-tier platform that millions of global investors could adopt.

>>BUY ORBEON TOKENS HERE<<

Cardano (ADA)

Established in 2017, Cardano (ADA) is a token and a blockchain platform that utilizes the Proof-of-Stake (PoS) mechanism. You can use the Cardano (ADA) to cover transaction costs and participate in the PoS system.

Recently the number of Cardano (ADA) holders that have held the coin for a year has reached a new all-time high. This trend is good for Cardano (ADA) since it demonstrates an increasing belief in its potential.

At the moment, Cardano (ADA) is trading hands for $0.342, up 0.81% in the past 24 hours. However, in the last 14 days, the Cardano (ADA) has constantly dropped with a 15% fall. Even if Cardano (ADA) may see future price growth, investing in projects with more growth potential would be more profitable.

>>BUY ORBEON TOKENS HERE<<

Filecoin (FIL)

Filecoin (FIL) is a decentralized peer-to-peer storage network that allows anyone to buy and sell storage space. Customers who want storage space may buy the Filecoin (FIL) token from storage providers with extra space on their equipment.

The value of Filecoin (FIL) decreased towards the end of February but improved in March. After a strong rebound at the beginning of March, it appears that Filecoin (FIL) has cooled off. Filecoin (FIL) has a value of $6.14 with a market cap of $2.4B, down 2.01% during the last day alone.

The moving averages for Filecoin (FIL) are also displaying bearish movement in the last week, causing many analysts to grow more bearish. They predict Filecoin (FIL) will sink below $6 in the short term as more rivals emerge daily.

 

Find Out More About The Orbeon Protocol Presale

Website: https://orbeonprotocol.com/

Presale: https://presale.orbeonprotocol.com/register

ACADEMIC INSIGHTS: An Intellectual Debate on Cultural Studies and Political Economy, Resulting in Antagonistic Discourse

By
Mutiu Iyanda
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0

In academia, sustaining existing fields of study is not new because scholars constantly produce new knowledge that challenges or supports theoretical and conceptual arguments. However, developing a new field from existing ones with the proponents, scholars, aiming to partially or completely separate from the foundational principles of the sister field has attracted several intellectual debates. Some of these debates, such as the recent one among cultural studies and political economy scholars, have established the extent to which antagonistic discourse could be discerned during the debates, revealing the compatibility or incompatibility of scholars to coexist within the same theoretical and conceptual paradigms because of the claimed existential differences.

In this article, I use the intellectual debate between Nicholas Garnham and Grossberg as well as his colleague (Carey) to illustrate how cultural studies cannot completely dissociate itself from political economy. The debate started with the publication of Political Economy and Cultural Studies: Reconciliation or Divorce by Nicholas Garnham (1995a), followed by Cultural Studies vs. Political Economy: Is anybody else bored with this debate? written by Grossberg and published in 1995 as well. In the same year, Nicholas Garnham replied to Grossberg and Carey by defending some of his previous views and countering the views of Grossberg and Carey using different referential strategies (Richardson, 2007). Garnham frequently uses the positive self-presentation referential strategy of ‘our’ to depict the superiority of political economy over cultural studies, while some of the acclaimed weaknesses of cultural studies are used as part of the negative other-presentation referential strategy for substantiating his argument that cultural studies cannot be successful without being connected with political economy.

From the first paper to the third paper, the scholars create the impression that their fields of study are better with the intention of determining an appropriate intellectual hierarchy between them (van Laar, 2010). They specifically exchange information by making claims about certain theoretical bases, conceptual frameworks, stating facts and so forth, towards identifying their main and sub-arguments (Fairclough, 2003) without jettisoning “a more or less explicit or implicit ‘protagonist-antagonist’ organization” (Fairclough, 2003, p. 83). In the words of Laclau & Mouffe (1985), this movement leads them to simultaneously work towards establishing logics of difference and equivalence by using inclusionary and exclusionary approaches. At one point in their debate, the scholars identify the existing differential status of both fields, while at another point, the commonalities between the fields are established.

To really establish the antagonist discourses, in my view, the scholars deploy a polarisation approach. For instance, reductionism is frequently contrasted with economism, production with consumption, and dominant culture with popular culture, while they did not fail to disarticulate false consciousness with different meanings as they did for other elements that support their arguments. Political economy accepts the false consciousness that only the intellectuals have access to the truth, while the field of cultural studies rejects it, which Garnham considers absurd. Apart from this, another main point of disagreement is the structure of power and dominance. Garnham believes that political economy focuses on class-based issues while cultural studies tend to give gender and ethnicity equal standing despite the fact that they predate the capitalist mode of production and are largely influenced by class differences. Economic dominance is the foundation of racial and patriarchal dominance. In this case, Garnham believes that Grossberg and other cultural studies scholars cannot continue to claim that addressing framing or representational issues is sufficient for solving economic dominance. Garnham notes that structural economic problems that lead to disadvantageous representations need to be addressed.

Grossberg (1995) begins his argument by considering Garnham’s criticism as emanating from a misunderstanding of the relationship between cultural studies and political economy. This indicates that Grossberg sees the two within the context of a symbiotic relationship towards the generation of collective benefits to society. Grossberg argues that cultural studies did not reject political economy in the manner in which political economists have been presenting it to their colleagues. Despite this, Grossberg believes that cultural studies in some situations pay much attention to culture while rarely considering the larger economic contexts. However, Grossberg sees Garnham’s criticism as an attempt to reduce cultural studies from its complex nature to a black-and-white nature in an attempt to render the field irrelevant in the larger field of mass communication. Grossberg also draws attention to Garnham’s “critique by absence,” which refers to criticising a position for what it does not do or say. However, this is also out of place given the substantial research that has been done in the field of cultural studies on cultural production, reproduction, and institutions as opposed to just consumption.

Replying to Grossberg, Garnham rejects the claim credited to him that the relation between production and consumption is either simple or stable. “All production and consumption are that of commodities, although I would claim that such production and consumption are increasingly dominant—even in the cultural field narrowly defined—and that they take place in different sites which are articulated in specific ways” (p. 96). Grossberg continues to ponder what, if any, distinction exists between popular culture and dominant culture. Grossberg considers the distinction between popular culture and dominant culture in the context of capitalism. He argues that cultural studies are engaged with people’s experiences and the way to resist subordination, which is essential for overcoming power structures created by political economy and cultural studies.

Election, Time and the Lamentation of Nigerian Youth

By
Mutiu Iyanda
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0

Various statistics show that youths are the engine of development for Africa. It has a youth population of more than 60%. Nigeria, having the most population on the continent, is regarded as having the largest share of the population. The current population of Nigeria is 219,823,942 as of Thursday, March 9, 2023, based on Worldometer’s elaboration of the latest United Nations data. The median age in Nigeria is 18.1 years.

Some of you moved to urban areas between 1990 and 2020 in search of opportunities, but you still haven’t achieved your goals as you had hoped. In the early 90s, according to our check, the majority of you still had relatively good access to better education and other basic necessities of life. However, since the country’s return to democratic governance in 1999, you have developed a high level of distrust in political leadership. You believe that the leaders, whom most enjoyed pre-independence good governance, have not done much for your own era. This is understandable and exists in most democracies, especially those in the global south.

Considering all the negativities of the ruling class, from 2011 to 2022, you engaged in social and political movements that showed that, like other youths in other democracies, you have grown up and are ready to take on the mantle of leadership. This was exemplified in the recent 2023 presidential election, where you made several points to the ruling elites through your votes. This is laudable because it shows your level of commitment to the ‘not too young to run’ mantra. Unfortunately, the outcomes did not align with your expectations, according to many of you. This has largely led to various forms of lamentation in the digital and physical realms. Some have reached the point of playing religious and ethnicity identity games with the intention of dividing the country further without considering existing political differences and their contributions to some of the negative outcomes of the election. It was really appalling that the same youths who want a better country were engaged by some politicians for mutilating election result sheets.

So, why the lamentation? When it is obvious that you were part of the process that produced the results. It is ideal for you to be grieving while searching for the lost attachment. However, it is also appropriate to reflect and make necessary adjustments. Instead of channeling your efforts towards dividing the country along ethnicity and religion, your lamentation should be on the lack of genuine socioeconomic practices that we do have. Let me leave you with this quote from Simon Brass, the author of Lamentations on the Nothingness of Being.

“We are always awaiting the Messiah who never arrives. I long for bygone days where every dawn brought a new eschatology and an interminable queue of prophets preached humanity’s impending salvation as if it were syndicated. It must have been joyous to receive a fresh messiah weekly, and to be regaled with inspiring tales of the glory that lay ahead. When those false idols were smashed, others took their place, from progress to the realization of history. None of this means anything to the cockroaches or rats anyway.”

I would like you to reflect on it and see that lamentation without being strategic about how to utilise time meaningfully on digital platforms cannot lead to attaining one’s desires. Yes. I know some of you are using digital platforms as a stress-escape strategy. However, those who have little means of income and spend it on data subscriptions without considering its use for exploring digital opportunities are doing a great disservice to themselves.

Like how the current was declared over 7 years ago, the president-elect, Senator Bola Ahmed Tinubu, has also been declared. If God wishes, he would spend 8 years fulfilling the constitutional requirement. Those who are actually youths now are most likely to be outside the youth age threshold when he completes his tenure. What benefits would you anticipate from being under democratic governance if you continue with lamentation?

The CBN Tenure Review of Executive Directors, Non-Executive Directors of Deposit Money Banks in Nigeria

By
Emmanuel Ifeanyi Ogbuka
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0

The Central Bank of Nigeria on the 24th of February , 2023 carried out a regulatory review of requirements governing the tenure of executive management & non-executive directors of Deposit Money Banks (DMBs) & Financial Holding Companies (FHCs) as contained in the Code of Corporate Governance for Banks & Discount Houses.

This review was carried out with the aim of improving on governance practices and standards within the banking and financial sector in Nigeria.

This article will be looking at the notable provisions on this regulatory review which are as follows :-

Executive Directors

– The tenure of Executive Directors (EDs), Deputy Managing Directors (Deputy MDs) & Managing Directors shall be in accordance with the terms of their engagement approved by the board of directors of banks, subject to a maximum tenure of 10 years.

– Where an executive who is a DMD becomes the MD or Chief Executive Officer of a bank or any other DMB before the end of his maximum tenure, the cumulative tenure of such an executive shall not exceed a period of 12 years. 

– The cumulative tenure of an executive director who becomes a DMD of a bank shall not exceed 10 years.

– Executive Directors, DMDs & MDs who exit from the board of a bank either upon or prior to the expiration of their maximum tenure of 12 years (calculated as 3 terms of 4 years each) shall serve out a cooling off period of 1(One) year before being eligible for appointment as a non-executive directors to the board of directors.

– The cumulative tenure limit of EDs/DMDs, & MDs across the banking industry is 20 years.

Non-Executive Directors

– Non-Executive Directors (NEDs) who exit from the board of directors of a bank either upon or prior to the expiration of their maximum tenures which is 12 years (calculated as 3 terms of 4 years each) shall serve out a cooling off period of 1 year before being eligible for appointment to the board of directors of any other DMB.

– The cumulative tenure limit for NEDs across the banking industry is also 20 years.

The CBN Guidelines on Financial Shared Services Agreements in Nigeria

By
Emmanuel Ifeanyi Ogbuka
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0

The Central Bank of Nigeria on the 26th of May, 2021, introduced its guidelines for shared service arrangements aimed at streamlining the activities of institutions engaged in shared services and transfer pricing.

This article will thus be looking at the following topics :-

– The applicability scope of these guidelines.

– The objectives of these guidelines.

– The general principles behind the CBN Guidelines.

– The approved shared services under the Guidelines.

– Provisions of the Guidelines on governance requirements.

– Some of the important component requirements of a Shared Services Agreement.

What is the applicability scope of the guidelines?

The CBN Guidelines on Shared Services Agreements are applicable to :-

– Commercial Banks

– Merchant Banks

– Financial Holding Companies

– Other Financial Institutions (OFIs) like bureau de change

– Payment Service Banks (PSBs)

– Other  payment services as licensed by the CBN

What are the objectives of the guidelines?

The objectives of the CBN guidelines are :-

– Laying out a defined set of supervisory expectations in respect of shared services arrangements between a parent company and its subsidiaries.

– Ensuring that the fees received or paid reflect the services rendered, taking into account the assets used & the risks assumed.

– To ensure that Financial Institutions (FIs) comply with extant transfer pricing regulations in Nigeria. 

– To reduce operational costs of benefiting institutions.

What are the general principles behind the CBN Guidelines?

FIs are expected to establish policies and procedures aimed at ensuring shared services are conducted at a distance. 

Moreso, FIs are expected to submit their shared service policies as approved by their management boards to the CBN , these policies expected to at the minimum;

– State in detail, the services to be shared.

– Indicate how the services would be shared, including the roles and responsibilities of the parties involved.

– Indicate the methodology for pricing shared services, including standards for timely settlement.

– Specify the governance structure for reporting exceptions to policy.

– Be reviewed annually.?

What are the types of services approved for sharing under the Guidelines?

Under the CBN Guidelines, an FI may with the approval of the CBN, enter into shared services agreements with its parent company in respect of :-

– Human Resources (HR) services

– Risk Management services

– Internal Control services

– Compliance services

– Marketing & Corporate Communications

– Legal services

– Information & Communication technology

– Facilities (office accommodation including electricity, security and cleaning services)

These services are approved provided that the recipient entity does not have the expertise & capacity to carry these services. Also, any other service provided outside the services mentioned above shall not be charged to the recipient (?).

What are the provisions of the Guidelines on governance?

Under the Guidelines, it is the responsibility of the board of the relevant FI to ensure that:-

– Approved shared services agreements are in line with extant laws and regulations .

– The FIs have institutions have appropriate governance structure and policies in place for shared services agreements.

What are the required validating components of a shared service agreement under the CBN Guidelines?

A shared services agreement shall be executed between a recipient company and the provider company and at the minimum should include:-

– A Commencement clause.

– Scope of services.

– An Applicable costing methods clause.

– A Compensation & Cost sharing clause.

– A reporting and timing of payments clause.

– A clause on access to employees and information.

– A confidentiality clause.

– An Indemnification clause.

– A Compliance clause

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